Biology of mammalian Isospora

Lindsay, David S.; Blagburn, B L

doi:10.1016/0169-4758(94)90116-3

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However total percentage of FNE lesions suspected to be associated with I. suis was lower in comparison with others PWM categories and even with those of a previous report (Eustis & Nelson 1981). In field outbreaks of coccidiosis, gross fibrinonecrotic lesions are usually seen in less than 20% of the cases (Lindsay & Blagburn 1994). Experimental studies found a diphtheric membrane in jejunum and ileum in one day old piglets receiving 200,000 (22% with FNE) to 400,000 oocysts (53% with FNE) while no gross lesions was seen in older pigs even with higher dosis (Stuart et al 1982).…”

Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Experimental studies found a diphtheric membrane in jejunum and ileum in one day old piglets receiving 200,000 (22% with FNE) to 400,000 oocysts (53% with FNE) while no gross lesions was seen in older pigs even with higher dosis (Stuart et al 1982). In the later, histopathological studies have shown segmental villous atrophy characterized by a slight to severe reduction of the height of the villi with flattened tips epithelial cells infected with asexual stages type 1 merozoites and rarely type 2 merontes (Eustis & Nelson 1981, Stuart et al 1982, Lindsay & Blagburn 1994, Perfumo et al 1998, Lindsay et al 1999, however neither coagulative necrosis of the mucosa nor inflammatory changes in the submucosa and muscle layers were reported. In a previous study, severe cases with not remnant enterocytes, only colonies or single rod-shaped Gram positive bacteria within the fibrinonecrotic material were identified (Perfumo et al 1998).…”

Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From epidemiological point of view, the age of the affected piglets (from 5 days to weaning with a peak at 14 days), the consistency and colour of the faeces (mayonnaise and sheep pellet like) and the poor antibiotic response were the most remarkable characteristics (Lindsay & Blagburn 1994, Perfumo et al 1998, Lindsay et al 1999. Faecal sampling or scraping of gut mucosa studies allowed to identify the agent.…”

Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is no doubt about the definition of the gross lesions, from the etiological point of view, several microorganisms, alone or in association, have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of FNE. Less than 20% of heavy Isospora suis infected piglets (200,000 or more oocysts) have showed fibrinonecrotic lesions (Lindsay & Blagburn 1994). A field study reported that Isospora suis can be identified in 50% of grossly fibrinonecrotic samples (Perfumo et al 1998).…”

Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Introducmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibrinonecrotic enteritis of piglets in a commercial farm: a postmortem study of the prevalence and the role of lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens

et al. 2007

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The objectives were to determine the prevalence of fibrinonecrotic enteritis (FNE) on a farrow-to-finish farm of 1,000 sows, to categorize the pathological changes, and to to investigate the lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens. Causes of preweaning mortality (PWM) were classified into 8 categories including FNE. Obtained data were evaluated for statistical significance by adjusted Chi-square analysis. Samples of FNE were taken for complementary studies including a PCR technique for genotyping toxin genes of Clostridium perfringens from gut samples fixed in 10% neutral formalin. From 3,153 piglets examined, less than 1% was classified as FNE. FNE prevalence increased progressively from the first to the third week, the last differing statistically from the others. Eighty percent of gut samples with FNE lesions were positive to Isospora suis, when examined by PCR from 9 severe FNE lesions detected 7 positive samples only for a toxin gene, characteristic of C. perfringens type-A.

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Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Introducmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibrinonecrotic enteritis of piglets in a commercial farm: a postmortem study of the prevalence and the role of lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens

et al. 2007

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“…Cystoisospora felis is a coccidian that has domestic and wild felids as definitive hosts (HITCHCOCK, 1955;AMARAL et al, 1966;PATTON;RABINOWITZ, 1994) and several warmblooded animals as intermediate hosts, including mice, rats, hamsters DUBEY, 1972;LOPES, 1996), dogs (DUBEY, 1975), cattle (FAYER;FRENKEL, 1979), birds (LINDSAY; BLAGBURN, 1994), rabbits (COSTA; LOPES, 1998), pigs (MELO et al, 2003) and gerbils (CARVALHO-FILHO et al, 2004). In general, the infection is not clinically manifested (MELO et al, 2003), although clinical signs have been observed in experimentally infected cats, mice and rabbits (LOSS;LOPES, 1992;LOPES, 1995;COSTA et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compromised nutrition in gerbils infected by Cystoisospora felis detected through an animal performance analysis tool

Frazão-Teixeira

Oliveira

Fiúza

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The impact of Cystoisospora felis infection on the nutritional efficiency of gerbils was studied. The variables weight gain and feed intake were measured during four weeks in 28 laboratory gerbils, of which 14 were inoculated with 3.5 × 10 5 sporulated oocysts of C. felis and the remaining 14 were controls. The animals from both groups were weighted, killed, eviscerated and had their carcasses and tissues weighted and compared. A modern tool designed for measuring nutritional performance of farm animals was applied. The results showed compromised nutritional efficiency of the infected animals within the first week after infection. The consequences of these results are discussed here, including the potential impact of infection on farm animals performance.Keywords: Cystoisospora felis, gerbil, bio-nutritional index, farm animal, oocyst, BNI. ResumoO impacto da infecção por Cystoisospora felis na eficiência nutricional de gerbis foi estudado. As variáveis ganho de peso e consumo de ração foram mensuradas durante quatro semanas em 28 gerbis de laboratório, dos quais 14 foram inoculados com 3,5 × 10 5 oocistos esporulados de C. felis e os 14 restantes serviram como controle. Os animais de ambos os grupos foram pesados, mortos, eviscerados e tiveram suas carcaças e tecidos pesados e comparados. Uma ferramenta moderna desenvolvida para mensurar o desempenho nutricional de animais de produção foi aplicada. Os resultados mostraram eficiência nutricional comprometida dos animais infectados na primeira semana após a infecção. As consequências destes resultados são discutidas aqui, incluindo o possível impacto de infecção no desempenho de animais de produção.Palavras-chave: Cystoisospora felis, gerbil, índice bionutricional, animal de produção, oocisto, IBN.

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Does lactation lead to resource allocation trade-offs in the spotted hyaena?

East

Otto

Helms

et al. 2015

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Life history theory predicts that when food intake and body reserves are insufficient to maintain all life processes, resource allocation trade-offs should occur. Lactation is costly and requires increased food intake. In spotted hyaenas, energy expenditure on lactation is high, particularly for mothers rearing twin litters, and foraging effort and food intake are influenced by social status. We investigated whether lactation in this species results in a reduction in resource allocation to immune processes sufficient to increase parasite infection. We expected higher parasite infection in lactating than non-lactating females, in mothers nursing twin than singleton litters, in females of lower than higher social status and in less than more experienced foragers. We quantified Ancylostoma egg load (AEL) and the presence of oocysts of Cystoisospora spp. as a proxy measure of immune function in 58 females. Lactating females were significantly more often infected with Ancylostoma, and their AEL was higher than in non-lactating females. Females nursing twins had significantly higher AELs than those nursing singletons. As social status increased, AELs significantly declined. This relationship was modulated by lactation status and litter size, being strongest in nonlactating females, moderate in females with twin litters and weakest in females with singleton litters. The decrease in AEL with increasing social status was greater for experienced than inexperienced females. Concurrent infection with Cystoisospora significantly increased with increasing AEL. Our results provide evidence for a resource allocation tradeoff in lactating spotted hyaenas.

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Biology of mammalian Isospora

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis of piglets in a commercial farm: a postmortem study of the prevalence and the role of lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis of piglets in a commercial farm: a postmortem study of the prevalence and the role of lesion associated agents Isospora suis and Clostridium perfringens

Compromised nutrition in gerbils infected by Cystoisospora felis detected through an animal performance analysis tool

Does lactation lead to resource allocation trade-offs in the spotted hyaena?

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