Biolubricant Production from Several Oleaginous Feedstocks Using Lipases as Catalysts: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

Bolina, Iara C.A.; Gomes, Raphael A. B.; Mendes, Adriano A.

doi:10.1007/s12155-020-10242-4

Cited by 65 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…As mentioned above, reasons such as insensitivity to FFA levels, high product selectivity, short reaction times, recovery of catalysts, low‐to‐no chemical residues, and low reaction temperature (ie, low energy cost) present enzymatic catalysts as a superior alternative in comparison to chemical catalysts 71 . The excellent review by Bolina et al, 187 broadly captures the advancement of enzymatic catalysis as well as the immobilization practices for heterogeneous biocatalysts (lipases) for biolubricant production. Physical adsorption, covalent bonding, entrapment, and CLEAs are the main lipases immobilization protocols thoroughly elaborated in their work.…”

Section: Chemical Modification Of Oils For Biolubricants Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability to use a variety of renewable feedstocks (ie, both edible and non‐edible) renders biolubricants superior to their petroleum counterparts. The feedstock ranges from animal fats, microbial oils from yeasts, waste cooking oils, filamentous fungus, and pre‐dominantly VOs 17,65,132,187,189,190 . Majority of these specific oil sources are captured in Tables 1 and 3.…”

Section: Chemical Modification Of Oils For Biolubricants Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biolubricant production via esterification and transesterification processes: Current updates and perspectives

Appiah

Tulashie

Akpari

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The growing concern and limitations for existing lubricants have driven the need for biolubricants, extensively proposed as the most suitable and sustainable lubricating oils. Biolubricants are generally synthesized from various bio‐based sources, including vegetable oils, microbially derived oils, waste cooking oil, etc. They are promising commodities and advantageous to mineral‐based analogues due to their exceptional properties like their lubricity, biodegradability, reduced toxicity, and reduced volatility. Yet, their utilization as lubricants is constrained due to their relatively poor cold‐flow and thermo‐oxidative stability uncertainties even after being chemically modified. Hence, many chemical modification pathways have been reported to overcome this limitation, with the most exploited approaches being esterification and transesterification. This modification pathway enhanced the thermo‐oxidative stability and the cold‐flow properties of these bio‐based oils, increased the yield, and enhanced the quality of the lubricants. With this in mind, this paper reviews up‐to‐date works conducted in this area and critically report the advancement in esterification and transesterification production of biolubricants. The study further reviews the latest published literature, current updates, and future perspectives related to the synthesis of biolubricants. Also, the review highlights the significant factors that govern the entire reaction process, selection criteria of renewable feedstocks, and the tribological performance of biolubricants.

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Section: Chemical Modification Of Oils For Biolubricants Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Modification Of Oils For Biolubricants Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biolubricant production via esterification and transesterification processes: Current updates and perspectives

Appiah

Tulashie

Akpari

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…Lipases are triacylglycerol ester hydrolases (EC 3.1.1.3) that act on a wide variety of substrates such as triacylglycerides, esters of fatty acids, and lipids from synthetic or natural oils [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Their natural action involves the hydrolysis of triglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Supports and Protocols for Enzyme Immobilization

Cavalcante

Sousa

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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The market for industrial enzymes has witnessed constant growth, which is currently around 7% a year, projected to reach $10.5 billion in 2024. Lipases are hydrolase enzymes naturally responsible for triglyceride hydrolysis. They are the most expansively used industrial biocatalysts, with wide application in a broad range of industries. However, these biocatalytic processes are usually limited by the low stability of the enzyme, the half-life time, and the processes required to solve these problems are complex and lack application feasibility at the industrial scale. Emerging technologies create new materials for enzyme carriers and sophisticate the well-known immobilization principles to produce more robust, eco-friendlier, and cheaper biocatalysts. Therefore, this review discusses the trending studies and industrial applications of the materials and protocols for lipase immobilization, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it summarizes the current challenges and potential alternatives for lipases at the industrial level.

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“…Esters have a wide range of applications in day-by-day products. Ester of short-chain carboxylic acids aliphatic esters are applied as fragrance and flavors in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products; esters of mid or long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids are primarily used as emollients, surfactants, and emulsifiers in many kinds of products; long-chain esters find application as biofuels, biolubricants, and bioplastics (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Their relevance lies not only in the diversity of structures and applications but also in the current world market as well as the projections of their growth (3,5,8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent-free esterifications mediated by immobilized lipases: a review from thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives

Sousa

Silva

Fernández‐Lafuente

et al. 2021

Catal. Sci. Technol.

100

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Biolubricant Production from Several Oleaginous Feedstocks Using Lipases as Catalysts: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

Cited by 65 publications

References 145 publications

Biolubricant production via esterification and transesterification processes: Current updates and perspectives

Biolubricant production via esterification and transesterification processes: Current updates and perspectives

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Supports and Protocols for Enzyme Immobilization

Solvent-free esterifications mediated by immobilized lipases: a review from thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives

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