Biomarkers Discovery for Colorectal Cancer: A Review on Tumor Endothelial Markers as Perspective Candidates

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The early detection of CRC, during the promotion/progression stages, is an enormous challenge for a successful outcome and remains a fundamental problem in clinical approach. Despite the continuous advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there is a need for discovery of sensitive and specific, noninvasive biomarkers. Tumor endothelial markers (TEMs) are associated with tumor-specific angiogenesis and are potentially useful to discriminate between tumor and normal endothelium. The most promising TEMs for oncogenic signaling in CRC appeared to be the TEM1, TEM5, TEM7, and TEM8. Overexpression of TEMs especially TEM1, TEM7, and TEM8 in colorectal tumor tissue compared to healthy tissue suggests their role in tumor blood vessels formation. Thus TEMs appear to be perspective candidates for early detection, monitoring, and treatment of CRC patients. This review provides an update on recent data on tumor endothelial markers and their possible use as biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and therapy of colorectal cancer patients.

Indirubin inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion andangiogenesis in tumor-derived endothelial cells

“…The identity of Td-ECs were validated by checking tumor endothelial markers (TEMs) that are associated with tumor-specific angiogenesis and are potentially useful to distinguish between tumor and normal endothelium [18]. In this study, TEM1 and TEM8 were chosen for Td-EC detection.…”

The Role of Autophagy and Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer

“…Известен еще один маркер ангиогенеза -ТЕМ, который продуцируется злокачественными клет-ками и является маркером эндотелия опухоли [39]. B. St Croix et al впервые сравнили экспрессию ТЕМ в здоровых эндотелиоцитах и эндотелиаль-ных клетках колорекального рака [40].…”

Tumour YAP1 and PTEN expression correlates with tumour‐associated myeloid suppressor cell expansion and reduced survival in colorectal cancer

“…Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, ranking as the third cause of all cancer‐related deaths . The pathogenesis of CRC is complex.…”

“…The pathogenesis of CRC is complex. The clonal evolution of tumours by sequential mutation causes the genotypic heterogeneity of tumour cells, and many oncogenes and metastasis‐related genes have been identified in CRC . Yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a downstream effector in the Hippo‐YAP signalling pathway.…”