Biomarkers of Cerebral Damage in Fatal Hypothermia

Morleo, Bastien; Teresinski, Gregor; Rousseau, Guillaume; Tse, Rexson; Tettamanti, Camilla; Augsburger, Marc; Palmière, Cristian

doi:10.1097/paf.0000000000000484

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Patients with hypothermia show progressively installed neurological manifestations, which can progress to coma and death [1]. They most often appear when the brain temperature progressively decreases, considering that a 1 • C drop in temperature is associated with a 6-8% reduction in cerebral metabolism, similar to the results obtained in an experimental model [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Patients with hypothermia show progressively installed neurological manifestations, which can progress to coma and death [1]. They most often appear when the brain…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypothermia is characterized by a decreased body temperature, below 35 • C, due to the imbalance between the production and loss of body heat [1]. Thermal stress has variable features in forensics practice, representing a domain of interest for research, considering its complex interrelationships with pathological diagnosis and causes of death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ROS induce oxidative stress, as a consequence of overcoming cellular antioxidative defense mechanisms [2]. Additionally, thermal stress is associated with tissue hypoxia and the disruption of the physiological activity of vital organs, such as the brain, lungs, heart, and kidneys [1,3,4]. The decreased body temperature below 30 • C is accompanied by an insidious onset of some neurological manifestations, such as lethargy, hampered speech, loss of coordination, ataxia, confusion, and unconsciousness, manifestations that may progress toward coma and death in severe hypothermia cases [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Diagnostic Tools in Hypothermia-Related Fatalities—A Pathological Perspective

Hleșcu,

Grigoraș,

Ianole

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Background and Objectives: Although classical gross features are known in hypothermia victims, they lack specific diagnosis features. The aim of our study was to reveal specific brain and lung pathological features in a group of hypothermia-related fatalities. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised 107 cases from our files associated with hypothermia. Routine hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining and postmortem immunohistochemistry were performed. Results: The microscopic cerebral exam revealed diffuse perineuronal and perivascular edema, gliosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, acute brain injuries, focal neuronal ischemia, lacunar infarction, and variable hemorrhages. Variable alveolar edema, pulmonary emphysema, intra-alveolar and/or pleural hemorrhage, and bronchopneumonia, as well as other pre-existing lesions, were identified in lung tissue samples. Glial cells displayed S100β expression, while neurons showed moderate Hsp70 immunopositivity. Alveolar basal membranes exhibited diffuse ICAM-1 positive expression, while ICAM-1 and AQP-1 positivity was observed in the alveolar septum vascular endothelium. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between S100β and Hps70 immunoexpression and cerebral pathological features, between ICAM-1 immunoexpression and alveolar edema and pulmonary emphysema, and between AQP-1 immunoexpression and pulmonary emphysema. Conclusions: Our results add supplementary data to brain and lung pathological findings in hypothermia-related fatalities, with potential therapeutic value in hypothermia patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Patients with hypothermia show progressively installed neurological manifestations, which can progress to coma and death [1]. They most often appear when the brain…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Advanced Diagnostic Tools in Hypothermia-Related Fatalities—A Pathological Perspective

Hleșcu,

Grigoraș,

Ianole

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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“…TNF- α , IL-1, TGF- β 1, FGF-2, and VEGF-2 induce endocan expression in vitro , IFN- γ inhibits TNF- α induced upregulation of endocan ( Scherpereel et al, 2003 ). Endocan is associated with neuroinflamation in highly vascularized tumors in meningiomas, gliomas and lung cancer ( Maurage et al, 2009 ) and with new blood vessel development in glioma ( Maurage et al, 2009 ), pituitary adenoma, renal cell carcinoma, pediatric brain injury ( Lele et al, 2019 ) and is a biomarker of cerebral damage ( Morleo et al, 2019 ). Endocan expression is upregulated in human cytomegaloviral infection which increases glioma development in brain tissues ( Scherpereel et al, 2003 ; Xing et al, 2016 ) leading to its suggestion as a therapeutic target in glioma ( Atukeren et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: The Small Neural Proteoglycansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Tissue Homeostasis and Repair Is Regulated via CS and DS Proteoglycan Motifs

Hayes

Melrose

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is the most abundant and widely distributed glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the human body. As a component of proteoglycans (PGs) it has numerous roles in matrix stabilization and cellular regulation. This chapter highlights the roles of CS and CS-PGs in the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS/PNS). CS has specific cell regulatory roles that control tissue function and homeostasis. The CNS/PNS contains a diverse range of CS-PGs which direct the development of embryonic neural axonal networks, and the responses of neural cell populations in mature tissues to traumatic injury. Following brain trauma and spinal cord injury, a stabilizing CS-PG-rich scar tissue is laid down at the defect site to protect neural tissues, which are amongst the softest tissues of the human body. Unfortunately, the CS concentrated in gliotic scars also inhibits neural outgrowth and functional recovery. CS has well known inhibitory properties over neural behavior, and animal models of CNS/PNS injury have demonstrated that selective degradation of CS using chondroitinase improves neuronal functional recovery. CS-PGs are present diffusely in the CNS but also form denser regions of extracellular matrix termed perineuronal nets which surround neurons. Hyaluronan is immobilized in hyalectan CS-PG aggregates in these perineural structures, which provide neural protection, synapse, and neural plasticity, and have roles in memory and cognitive learning. Despite the generally inhibitory cues delivered by CS-A and CS-C, some CS-PGs containing highly charged CS disaccharides (CS-D, CS-E) or dermatan sulfate (DS) disaccharides that promote neural outgrowth and functional recovery. CS/DS thus has varied cell regulatory properties and structural ECM supportive roles in the CNS/PNS depending on the glycoform present and its location in tissue niches and specific cellular contexts. Studies on the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have provided insightful information on neural interconnectivity and the role of the ECM and its PGs in neural development and in tissue morphogenesis in a whole organism environment.

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The application of vibrational spectroscopy in forensic analysis of biological evidence

Fan,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Biomarkers of Cerebral Damage in Fatal Hypothermia

Abstract: Biomarkers of cerebral damage in fatal hypothermia: preliminary results.

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Advanced Diagnostic Tools in Hypothermia-Related Fatalities—A Pathological Perspective

Advanced Diagnostic Tools in Hypothermia-Related Fatalities—A Pathological Perspective

Neural Tissue Homeostasis and Repair Is Regulated via CS and DS Proteoglycan Motifs

The application of vibrational spectroscopy in forensic analysis of biological evidence

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