Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in the Polychaete (Amphinomidae) Under Short Term Copper Exposure

Response of Sabella spallanzanii to multiple stressors. The combined effect of infection and copper sulphate

“…The combined effect (copper + bacterial injection) showed an inhibition of the activity compared to xenobiotic exposition only. Contrary to what has been suggested by (Gagnaire et al, 2007), who reported that some genes involved in defence were up-regulated in Crassostrea gigas following combined exposure to pesticides and bacteria, the slight decrease in activity in the group with combined treatment of CuSO4 and E. coli is due to the immunosuppressive action of the metal, as (Zapata-Vívenes et al, 2005) observed in acute copper exposure; an excessive accumulation of copper in the body can trigger molecular and/or cellular changes, such as oxidative damage (Nusetti et al, 2001), when an infection occurs, resulting in negative effects on LYS function. As previously indicated by (Martinez, 2012) for polluted areas of the Gulf of Cariaco, these alterations can occur in polychaetes subjected to bacterial stress inhabiting copper contaminated environments.…”

Ecotoxicity of single‐wall carbon nanotubes to freshwater snail Lymnaea luteola L.: Impacts on oxidative stress and genotoxicity

“…The estimation of malondialdehyde content (an index of lipid peroxidation) provides a relative measure of the potential for SWCNTs to cause oxidative injury. Nusetti et al (2001) reported that LPO levels increased during exposure to metals in several organisms. In the present study, significantly elevations of lipid peroxidation levels in the digestive gland of SWCNTs exposed L. luteola indicate that some cell damage might have occurred.…”