Biomass applications in iron and steel industry: An overview of challenges and opportunities

Mousa, Elsayed; Wang, Chuan; Riesbeck, Johan; Larsson, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.061

Cited by 340 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…There is a growing literature where such technical options are assessed, see e.g. [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. Building on a review of this literature, Table 2 lists such key low carbon innovations; the level of technical change compared to established technologies (i.e.…”

Section: Decarbonization Of Epismentioning

confidence: 99%

The transition of energy intensive processing industries towards deep decarbonization: Characteristics and implications for future research

Wesseling¹,

Lechtenböhmer²,

Åhman³

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

224

105

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A B S T R A C TEnergy-intensive processing industries (EPIs) produce iron and steel, aluminum, chemicals, cement, glass, and paper and pulp and are responsible for a large share of global greenhouse gas emissions. To meet 2050 emission targets, an accelerated transition towards deep decarbonization is required in these industries. Insights from sociotechnical and innovation systems perspectives are needed to better understand how to steer and facilitate this transition process. The transitions literature has so far, however, not featured EPIs. This paper positions EPIs within the transitions literature by characterizing their sociotechnical and innovation systems in terms of industry structure, innovation strategies, networks, markets and governmental interventions. We subsequently explore how these characteristics may influence the transition to deep decarbonization and identify gaps in the literature from which we formulate an agenda for further transitions research on EPIs and consider policy implications. Furthering this research field would not only enrich discussions on policy for achieving deep decarbonization, but would also develop transitions theory since the distinctive EPI characteristics are likely to yield new patterns in transition dynamics.

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Section: Decarbonization Of Epismentioning

confidence: 99%

The transition of energy intensive processing industries towards deep decarbonization: Characteristics and implications for future research

Wesseling¹,

Lechtenböhmer²,

Åhman³

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

224

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The weight of the briquettes was in range of 450-500 g. The briquettes are left for drying in the air atmosphere at room temperature. Drop test has been conducted after different curing periods (7,14,21, and 28 days) in order to evaluate the mechanical strength of the briquettes. The strength of briquettes was determined by the free fall of the briquette on a steel plate from 1.0 m height and then counting the number of free falls which did not cause sever destruction of the briquette.…”

Section: Materials and Briquettes Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intensive work is being done to mitigate the CO 2 emissions in steel industry by partial substitution of fossil fuels (coal and coke) with renewable source of energy such as biomass. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] One of biomass materials which could be used as binder for briquettes and reducing agent in blast furnace is lignin. Lignin is considered as the second most abundant renewable biomass on the earth after cellulose and it represents about 30% of the total raw biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Approach Towards Biomass Lignin Utilization in Ironmaking Blast Furnace

2017

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Growing concerns over fossil CO 2 emissions has created a considerable interest in an efficient utilization of renewable biomass in steel industry. Biomass lignin can be used as binder and reducing agent in the blast furnace briquettes. The traditional briquettes consist of various iron oxide-containing residues and cement is used as binder to give the proper mechanical strength. In the present study, cement (C) has been partially and totally substituted with lignin (L) to produce briquettes containing 0-12 wt.% lignin (L/C: 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100%). The mechanical strength has been evaluated based on drop test and tumbler index measurement. The partial replacement of cement with lignin up to 25% (3.0 wt.% lignin in briquettes) was exhibited adequate briquettes strength for blast furnace application. At higher substitution rate (L/C: 50 and 100%), the briquettes strength was sharply decreased. The briquettes with proper mechanical strength (L/C: 0, 10 and 25%) were subjected to self-reduction under inert atmosphere using thermogravimetric technique (TGA). The reduction rate of briquettes increased when increasing the cement substitution with lignin. The reduction took place in two main steps at 500-800°C and 800-940°C. Combined effect of gas diffusion and interfacial reaction were the rate determining step at the first stage while carbon gasification was controlling the second step of reduction. Interrupted reduction tests have been conducted to evaluate the compression strength after reduction. For all briquettes, the increased reduction temperature and lignin content deteriorated the briquette's mechanical strength due to the effect of dehydration and lignin gasification.

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“…The iron manufacturing industry contributes to the advancement of society as it provides foundational material for other industries. Ironmaking is an energy‐intensive process requiring 20% of the fossil‐based fuels which translates to about 7% of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions . With the increased sensitivity on the effects of GHG emissions and the exacerbated global warming conditions, policies on CO 2 taxes were felt by the industry through economic penalties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ironmaking is an energyintensive process requiring 20% of the fossil-based fuels 9 which translates to about 7% of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. 10 With the increased sensitivity on the effects of GHG emissions and the exacerbated global warming conditions, policies on CO 2 taxes were felt by the industry through economic penalties. 11 The eminent fossil fuel depletion and the heightened energy demand have shifted the sustainable production of metallic iron which utilize renewable energy technologies and sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of iron oxide reduction by graphite for CO₂mitigation in chemical‐looping combustion

et al. 2020

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Summary Chemical‐looping combustion (CLC) provides a platform to generate energy streams while mitigating CO2 using iron oxide as a carrier of oxygen. Through the reduction process, iron oxide experiences phase transformation to ultimately produce metallic iron. To understand iron oxide reduction characteristics and optimally design the fuel reactor, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses were proposed, utilizing graphite. This study aims to evaluate the reduction behavior under the non‐isothermal process of various mixture ratios of hematite and graphite via thermogravimetric analysis with simultaneously evaluating evolved gases using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The Coats‐Redfern model was employed to approximate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters which assessed the different reaction mechanisms together with the distributed activation energy model (DAEM). The results revealed that the hematite‐to‐graphite ratio of 4:1 had the highest reduction degree and had three distinct peaks representing three iron oxide reduction phases. The zero‐order reaction mechanism agreed with the experimental results compared with other reaction models. The thermodynamic analysis showed an overall endothermic spontaneous reaction for the three phases which signified the direct reduction of the iron oxides. The DAEM result validated a stepwise reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron. The study aids the optimal design of the CLC fuel reactor for enhanced system performance.

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Biomass applications in iron and steel industry: An overview of challenges and opportunities

Cited by 340 publications

References 67 publications

The transition of energy intensive processing industries towards deep decarbonization: Characteristics and implications for future research

The transition of energy intensive processing industries towards deep decarbonization: Characteristics and implications for future research

Novel Approach Towards Biomass Lignin Utilization in Ironmaking Blast Furnace

Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of iron oxide reduction by graphite for CO₂mitigation in chemical‐looping combustion

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Biomass applications in iron and steel industry: An overview of challenges and opportunities

Cited by 340 publications

References 67 publications

The transition of energy intensive processing industries towards deep decarbonization: Characteristics and implications for future research

The transition of energy intensive processing industries towards deep decarbonization: Characteristics and implications for future research

Novel Approach Towards Biomass Lignin Utilization in Ironmaking Blast Furnace

Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of iron oxide reduction by graphite for CO2mitigation in chemical‐looping combustion

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Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of iron oxide reduction by graphite for CO₂mitigation in chemical‐looping combustion