Biomass Extraction Methods

Segneanu, Adina‐Elena; Cziple, Florentina; Vlăzan, Paulina; Sfîrloagă, Paula; Grozescu, Ioan; Gherman, Vasile Daniel

doi:10.5772/55338

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The residue is then extracted in boiling water, and the biomass is isolated from the hot water extract by another centrifugation. The extraction is repeated to increase the yield [325]. The aqueous extraction residue is extracted with an aqueous base solution (with 2% NaOH or KOH solutions) at the boiling point [326].…”

Section: Extraction From Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium-Containing Polysaccharides—Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Chemical Modifications and Biological Activity

2021

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Selenosugars are a group of sugar derivatives of great structural diversity (e.g., molar masses, selenium oxidation state, and selenium binding), obtained as a result of biosynthesis, chemical modification of natural compounds, or chemical synthesis. Seleno-monosaccharides and disaccharides are known to be non-toxic products of the natural metabolism of selenium compounds in mammals. In the case of the selenium-containing polysaccharides of natural origin, their formation is also postulated as a form of detoxification of excess selenium in microorganisms, mushroom, and plants. The valency of selenium in selenium-containing polysaccharides can be: 0 (encapsulated nano-selenium), IV (selenites of polysaccharides), or II (selenoglycosides or selenium built into the sugar ring to replace oxygen). The great interest in Se-polysaccharides results from the expected synergy between selenium and polysaccharides. Several plant- and mushroom-derived polysaccharides are potent macromolecules with antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and other biological properties. Selenium, a trace element of fundamental importance to human health, has been shown to possess several analogous functions. The mechanism by which selenium exerts anticancer and immunomodulatory activity differs from that of polysaccharide fractions, but a similar pharmacological effect suggests a possible synergy of these two agents. Various functions of Se-polysaccharides have been explored, including antitumor, immune-enhancement, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Due to being non-toxic or much less toxic than inorganic selenium compounds, Se-polysaccharides are potential dietary supplements that could be used, e.g., in chemoprevention.

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Section: Extraction From Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium-Containing Polysaccharides—Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Chemical Modifications and Biological Activity

2021

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“…Isolation of the complex lignocellulosic biomass into individual fractions and characterization of the individual fractions can provide a better understanding of the combustion kinetics and reaction mechanism. Different biomass isolation/extraction techniques such as liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, acid-base, ultrasound, and microwave-assisted extractions, among others, have been reported before [9]. The choice of the method depends on the biomass type and its fraction to be isolated [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different biomass isolation/extraction techniques such as liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, acid-base, ultrasound, and microwave-assisted extractions, among others, have been reported before [9]. The choice of the method depends on the biomass type and its fraction to be isolated [9]. Hence, each procedure affects the sample's product yields and physical, chemical, kinetic, and thermodynamic properties differently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Nonisothermal Combustion Kinetics of Isolated Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Case Study of Cellulose from Date Palm Biomass Waste

Galiwango¹,

Al‐Marzouqi²

2021

Biotechnological Applications of Biomass

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The efficient and high yielding acid-base and Organosolv methods were studied for cellulose isolation from date palm lignocellulose waste biomass and thereafter analyzed for nonisothermal kinetic and thermodynamic parameter determination using model-free methods. The structural and chemical characterization of the isolated celluloses revealed structures and functional groups characteristics of cellulose. Thermal decomposition analysis revealed one major peak with average mass loss of 72.51 ± 0.7% and 55.82 ± 1.1% for the acid-base and Organosolv method, respectively. This occurred in the temperature region between 250 and 350°C associated with cellulose degradation and contrasted with the three peaks detected in the original biomass. The kinetic and thermodynamic results revealed a strong relationship between the average activation energy and average change in enthalpy with a difference of 5.23 and 147.07 kJmol−1 for Organosolv and acid-base methods, respectively. The Gibbs’s free energy results revealed that Organosolv cellulose pyrolysis would reach equilibrium faster in KAS, Starink and FWO models with average ΔG values of 115.80 ± 36.62, 115.89 ± 36.65, and 119.45 ± 37.98 kJmol−1, respectively. The acid-base method for FWO model gave negative entropy values. The Malek method revealed the acid-base and Organoslv cellulose pyrolysis mechanism as (gα=−ln1−α14) and (gα=−ln1−α13), characterized by random nucleation and growth, respectively.

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“…A variety of protein extraction methods are available based on their physiochemical and structural properties [13]. Characteristics of the natural material from which the proteins are extracted also play an important part in the selection of an extraction technique [14]. As reported from previous literature, protein extraction is mainly performed in solid-liquid phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Precursors for Polyurethane foam production

2015

7th International Conference on Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (ICLTET'2015) Nov. 26-27, 2015 Irene, Pretoria (Sou

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Amaranthus cruentus stems have great potential for use as feedstock in the synthesis of bio-based products (such as polyurethane foam) due to the abundance of amino acids present in the plant. In order to utilize these compounds they need to be extracted from the stems of the plant in the form of proteins. This is followed by a protein hydrolysis step to obtain the amino acids. The main objective of this study was to develop an effective and environmentally friendly method to extract proteins from amaranth stems. Microwave-assisted subcritical water hydrolysis to extract proteins from the stems was performed at 240, 260 and 280°C in dilute acid and alkaline solutions. The proteins were hydrolyzed to amino acids using Neutrase® 0.8 L enzyme at its optimal performance conditions. The method developed yielded 19 primary amino acids as well as some of their derivatives. A higher concentration was observed in the dilute acid solutions due the acid's ability to prevent polymerization of the amino acids.

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Biomass Extraction Methods

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Selenium-Containing Polysaccharides—Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Chemical Modifications and Biological Activity

Selenium-Containing Polysaccharides—Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Chemical Modifications and Biological Activity

Investigation of Nonisothermal Combustion Kinetics of Isolated Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Case Study of Cellulose from Date Palm Biomass Waste

Extraction of Precursors for Polyurethane foam production

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