Biomaterials Act as Enhancers of Growth Factors in Bone Regeneration

Abstract

Inspired by the physiological events of the “wound healing cascade”, the integration of biomaterials and growth factors is generally accepted as an emerging and powerful strategy for bone regenerative therapy. As a type of biological mediator, growth factors play a key role in functional bone regeneration. In this review, recent progress in the enhancement of bone‐related growth factors via a biomaterial strategy will be discussed. Two main reinforcing mechanisms, temporal regulation and efficacy manipulation, are described in detail, highlighting the potential capability of biomaterials to harness the interactions between growth factors and specific cells. The effects of biomaterials for promoting bone formation via growth factor‐mediated osteogenesis are further elucidated. Finally, an outlook of the prospects in terms of superior communication among growth factors, cells, and biomaterials in the microenvironment is presented, which might provide new directions for the design of medical devices for bone regeneration.

Design of novel organic–inorganic composite bone cements with high compressive strength, in vitro bioactivity and cytocompatibility

“…The ideal bone substitute materials should possess biodegradability to create space for new bone tissue and eventually be replaced by mature bone tissue, preferably in a controlled manner . The degradation result showed that all the composite cements could degrade gradually in PBS and presented various degradability with different CS contents.…”

“…The ideal bone substitute materials should possess biodegradability to create space for new bone tissue and eventually be replaced by mature bone tissue, preferably in a controlled manner. 31,32 The degradation result showed that all the composite cements could degrade gradually in PBS and presented various degradability with different CS contents. As the material degradability primarily depended upon the chemical composition and physical characteristic, the higher degradability of the C 3 S/SA/CS composite cements with higher CS content could be attributed to the rapid biodegradability of CS and the less compact microstructure.…”

Precisely Controlled Delivery of Abaloparatide through Injectable Hydrogel to Promote Bone Regeneration

“…Infection, trauma, and tumors can also lead to bone defects. limitations from traditional treatment of bone defects are considered as a significant clinical challenge to most of the orthopedic surgeons . Although autologous bone grafts are currently the most widely used bone defects treatment, they have limitations which may lead to complications such as donor site morbidity and graft failure.…”

Spatiotemporal control of growth factors in three-dimensional printed scaffolds

“…Proper incorporation of these chemical cues within tissue scaffolds directly impacts new tissue formation, and it has been shown extensively that several different GFs often operate synergistically to facilitate or inhibit tissue growth. (10–14) Additionally, correctly controlling the release and temporal presentation of growth factors is critical to ensure that functional tissues are developed with the desired phenotype. In order to progress from simple, thin tissues to highly heterogeneous tissues, interfacial regions, and whole organs, both spatial and temporal concentration profiles and gradients must be well understood.…”