Biomechanical and histomorphometric comparison between zirconia implants with varying surface textures and a titanium implant in the maxilla of miniature pigs

Abstract

The findings suggest that ZrO2r implants can achieve a higher stability in bone than ZrO2m implants. Roughening the turned zirconia implants enhances bone apposition and has a beneficial effect on the interfacial shear strength.

Influence of surface roughness of dental zirconia implants on their mechanical stability, cell behavior and osseointegration

“…This result is in good agreement with previously published studies [11,12,21,25,26], in which the R a /S a value of the ceramics was slightly lower than the ones for Ti-SLA.…”

“…Consequently, a moderate surface roughness (in this case R a ~ 1.7 μm) significantly improves the rate of bone apposition (p ≤ 0.001). This finding is in good agreement with earlier studies on sandblasted zirconia ceramics [11,12], zirconia ceramics roughened via an additive surface treatment [21][22][23] and titanium surfaces with a graded roughness as reviewed in [10,24].…”

“…; S a values of 1.1 μm and 2.5 μm and R a values of 1.78 μm and 3.19 μm) are higher than most of the data provided for micro-topographies that were previously reported for sandblasted zirconia ceramics, which ranged between S a values of 0.56 μm (ZrO 2 [11]), 0.96 μm (Y-TZP [12]) and 1.1 μm (Y-TZP [16]); and R a values of ~ 1.5 μm (ZrO 2 [17,18]). However, only few of these studies provided a detailed description of the abrasive treatment, the 3D topography or the mechanical properties.…”

“…The limitations in preparing such Y-TZP surfaces result from two obstacles: (i) the limited success of abrasive techniques and (ii) the possibility of reduced strength of the roughened material. In the sintered state abrasive surface treatments of Y-TZP samples like sandblasting typically result in slightly rough surfaces (mean surface roughness R a values of < 1 μm) [11,12]. On the contrary, moderately rough titanium surfaces, that were described to efficiently support osseointegration (R a from 1 μm to 2 μm) can easily be prepared by sandblasting with corundum particles (large grit).…”

Identification of peptide motif that binds to the surface of zirconia

“…Recently, zirconia has drawn attention as a new alternative to titanium as an implant material due to its superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties, including higher bending strength and fracture toughness. However, it has been reported that the osseointegration of zirconia implants is inferior to that of titanium implants, and there is no consensus at this time on the cell kinetics and osseointegration of zirconia implants [4][5][6][7] . In addition to osseointegration, other important issues must be taken into consideration with regard to implant materials such as their integration capabilities with soft tissues and anti-microbial properties in areas exposed to the mucosa.…”