Biomechanical behavior of three different types of internal tapered connections after cyclic and static loading tests: experimental in vitro

Abstract

Background: In the long-term success of a dental implant, the reliability and stability of the implantabutment interface are important. Studies of maximum force of dental implants with different loading values have been used. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the oblique cyclic loading on the maximum force supported in one-piece and two-piece abutments installed on internal tapered implants. Findings: Sixty implants and sixty prosthetic abutments were divided into six groups (n = 10): G1 and G2 (twopiece abutments with 16°), G3 and G4 (two-piece abutments with 11.5°), and G5 and G6 (one-piece abutments with 11.5°). A 2-Hz cyclic loading was applied to specimens of G2, G4, and G6, with a number of cycles of 2,400,000. All specimens were inclined by 30°from the vertical axis, and a vertical loading was applied over the tapered connections (ISO 14801). Then, the maximum force was tested by applying a static compression load on the specimens of the 6 groups tested (30°) at a rate of 0.5 mm/s. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk (p > 0.05) and Levene (p = 0.789) tests to determine if the data presented homoscedasticity and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons. Tukey test showed that the maximum force supported by G1 and G2 was not affected by the cyclic load, while in G3 and G4 it decreased significantly when subjected to the cyclic load. The G5 and G6 had a significant increase in maximum force supported when subjected to cyclic load. Conclusions: Cyclic loading influenced the maximum force supported of G4 and G6 but did not influence G2.

Influence of Connection Type and Platform Diameter on Titanium Dental Implants Fatigue: Non-Axial Loading Cyclic Test Analysis

“…Several studies have tested dental implants using static loading, while others use cyclic loads [32]. Most of the reviews focus on implant design but does not mention fatigue as a complex failure mode [22]. A few studies have considered the effect of the implant diameter on fatigue performance, concluding that narrow implants failed to show typical fatigue behavior, which might be attributed to the implant design [33].…”

“…The implant system does not offer long-term integrity of the connection complex, representing a significant risk of fractures [20,21]. Some aspects of the different connection configurations, such as biomechanical resistance and stress distribution, are crucial [22]. Not much is known about implant fatigue detailed by the type of connection.…”

Mechanical Pull-Out Test of a New Hybrid Fixture-Abutment Connection: An In Vitro Study

“…Subsequently, Sinjari et al in 2019 have shown how even after 10 years of function, this type of connection presented a reduced marginal bone loss compared to internal hexagon, with an extremely low failure rate (in terms of debonding) [ 40 ]. Otherwise, the possibility of having a conometric connection with a screw and an anti-rotational system makes clinical practices easier [ 38 , 41 ].…”

Mechanical Behavior of One-Piece and Two-Piece Tapered Prosthetic Abutments with 11.5 and 16 Degrees

“…A static loading test was conducted at a speed of 1.0 mm/min to determine the maximum load [ 17 ]. A flexural load was applied to the implant–abutment assemblies at a rate of 0.5 mm/s [ 18 ]. The bending load acquired by the load cell was plotted on a load versus displacement curve.…”