ResuMO introdução: O bruxismo é considerado um hábito parafuncional caracterizado pelo apertamento e/ou ranger dos dentes de maneira inconsciente e estereotipada. Considerando que a prevalência desse hábito é maior durante a infância, havendo uma diminuição com o passar da idade, o bruxismo infantil tornou-se preocupante devido ao seu impacto negativo na qualidade de vida da criança e de seus familiares. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura quanto à etiologia e fatores de risco associados a essa atividade parafuncional. Metodologia: Foram incluídos estudos clínicos com pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados com bruxismo e que abordavam fatores de risco ou etiológicos dessa parafunção, e excluídos revisões de literatura, casos clínicos, opiniões pessoais, trabalhos não publicados ou aqueles que cuidavam apenas do tratamento do bruxismo infantil. Buscas avançadas foram conduzidas nas bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane, LILACS e Medline, e a seleção dos artigos foi realizada, independentemente, por dois revisores. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos selecionados foi avaliada por meio da ferramenta Qu-ATEBS. Foram identificados 146 artigos ao total em pesquisa eletrônica, após leitura de título e resumo, e avaliação em texto completo, apenas seis artigos foram incluídos em síntese qualitativa. Entre os artigos incluídos, os autores observaram que vários fatores de risco estavam relacionados ao bruxismo, como refluxo gastrointestinal, dor de estômago, crises respiratórias, enurese noturna, onicofagia, sialorreia noturna, dificuldade para dormir, entre outros. Já a etiologia é multifatorial, podendo envolver fatores psicológicos, sistêmicos, genéticos e locais. Conclusão: É de extrema importância que o cirurgião dentista tenha conhecimento tanto dos fatores de risco quanto da etiologia do bruxismo, para o desenvolvimento de uma melhor abordagem preventiva e intervenções efetivas. Palavras-chave: Bruxismo. Bruxismo do sono. Criança. aBstRaCt introduction: Bruxism is a parafunctional habit characterized by the involuntary grinding and/or clenching of the teeth. The prevalence is highest during childhood and adolescence and there is a decline with increasing age. Because of this prevalence, the bruxism in children has become worrisome due to the negative impact on children's quality of life and their families. Objective: The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the etiology and risk factors associated with childhood bruxism.

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Background The main objective of this systematic review was to present the outcomes of the treatment with zygomatic implants (ZIs) in the rehabilitations of atrophic upper jaw. Findings An electronic database search in PubMed, along with a manual search, taking into account language and study period, was performed by two observers; any type of clinical trial and series that included the use of ZIs was used. In the search strategy, the following search terms were used: zygom* AND dental (Implant OR implants) AND edentulous NOT (biomechanic* OR finite element) NOT cadaver. The search was limited to English language, full text, and humans. Literature reviews and clinical case reports were not considered. Forty-two articles published between March 2003 and April 2019 were included in this analysis. The cases of 1247 patients were recovered; these patients received 2919 ZIs. Fifty-two ZIs were removed during the follow-up time. The survival rate of these implants was 98.22%, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month and a maximum of 228 months. Different surgical techniques were used to place ZIs; however, the intrasinusal technique was the most used (23 studies). Post-surgical sinusitis was the most common complication reported in the studies (39 cases). Conclusions Based on this review, ZIs were commonly used for rehabilitation of patients with atrophic upper jaw. The survival rates presented were high, and the surgical technique is dependent on the professional experience and the local anatomy. However, it needed additional clinical evidence on bone resorption, esthetic outcomes, and physiological characteristics.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on the removal torque of prefabricated implant screws after cyclic loading. Four groups with two crowns supported by two implants (n = 5) were obtained according to splinted and nonsplinted prosthesis, using titanium or DLC screws (splinted crowns with titanium screw [STi], splinted crowns with DLC screw [SC], nonsplinted crowns and titanium screw [NSTi], and nonsplinted crowns and DLC screw [NSC]). The prosthetic screws were tightened at 32 Ncm and retightened, and the specimens were submitted to 106 mechanical cycles (4 Hz/98 N). After cyclic loading, loosening torque was evaluated, and the final measurements were performed. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = .005). There was statistically significance in the interaction of screw × splinting (P = .003). For the group that used titanium screws, NSTi showed smaller removal torque compared with STi. It was concluded that the use of the DLC coating screws in nonsplinted prosthesis maintain the torque after cyclic loading.

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