Biomedical applications of polyolefins

Owonubi, Shesan John; Agwuncha, Stephen C.; Fasiku, Victoria Oluwaseun; Mukwevho, Emmanuel; Aderibigbe, B. A.; Sadiku, Rotimi; Bezuidenhout, Deon

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101132-4.00017-5

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…[ 2 ] As a matter of fact, polyolefins are plastic commodities that are produced in large scale to satisfy multiple market demands. [ 3,4 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2] As a matter of fact, polyolefins are plastic commodities that are produced in large scale to satisfy multiple market demands. [3,4] PP is the second most important commercial plastic material because of its great versatility and broad spectrum of applications. [5] As it might be expected, these applications are affected by the final properties of the resin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Grade Transitions in Bulk Poly(propylene) Polymerizations

Silva

Melo

Pinto

2023

Macro Reaction Engineering

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In the present paper, a dynamic optimization problem regarding grade transitions in bulk poly(propylene) polymerization processes is formulated and solved for the first time. Initially, a detailed dynamic process model is presented and implemented, comprising mass and energy balances, some of the polymer properties (such as the melting flow index and the xylene solubles) and regulatory control loops. Additionally, the effects of cocatalyst and electron donor on the propagation rate constant are taken into account. Then, the dynamic optimization problem is formulated and an evolutionary algorithm is used to solve the resulting nonlinear programming problem. It is shown that there is significant coupling among the manipulated variables and the controlled performance and polymer property variables, which adds complexity to the grade transition problem and demands the simultaneous manipulation of multiple variables during transitions. Despite the inherent open‐loop unstable nature of the analyzed process, it is shown that smooth grade transition trajectories can be accomplished through proper adjustment of the objective function weights. Finally, it is shown that the obtained optimum trajectories can significantly diminish the transition time, which can be of paramount importance for the plant economics.

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“…[ 2 ] As a matter of fact, polyolefins are plastic commodities that are produced in large scale to satisfy multiple market demands. [ 3,4 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Grade Transitions in Bulk Poly(propylene) Polymerizations

Silva

Melo

Pinto

2023

Macro Reaction Engineering

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“…1 Despite being widely applied in fields ranging from automotive manufacturing, to packaging, to surgical implants, these plastics are poorly suited to bonding with adhesives as a consequence of their low surface energy. [2][3][4][5] Conventional adhesives such as glues and epoxies rely upon hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, and polymer entanglement to create adhesion. 6 Since PP and PE are comprised of non-polar carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, they do not participate in hydrogen bonding, resulting in adhesion failure unless costly high-energy treatments (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of a Prototypical Diazirine-Based Covalent Crosslinker and Molecular Adhesive

Baran¹,

Hof

Groot

et al. 2023

Preprint

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bis-Diazirine reagents are increasingly being used as polymer crosslinkers, adhesives, and photopatterning agents in the materials sciences literature, but little effort has been made thus far to document their chemical safety profile. Here we describe the results of a detailed toxicity assessment of a representative bis-diazirine. Safety was evaluated by a series of in vitro assays, which found the product to be non-mutagenic in bacterial tester strains TA98 and TA100, non-corrosive and non-irritating to skin, and requiring no classification for eye irritation or serious damage. While these results do not completely rule out the possibility of adverse responses to bis-diazirine reagents, they suggest a desirable safety profile for this compound class.

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“…The thermoplastic (PEEK) polyether ether ketone has a modulus of elasticity that is half between trabecular and cortical bone. PEEK is preferred in a variety of therapeutic applications due to its reduced mechanical mismatches with bone tissue than metal implants, which may reduce stress shielding (Owonubi et al, 2017). This material's inert chemical structure with high-temperature resistance makes it appropriate for a range of sterilizing procedures, including gamma irradiation, ethylene oxide, and autoclave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Osseointegration in Rabbit Model Using PEEK Coated by HA: Comparative Study for Histological and X-ray

Mohammed

Hamandi²,

Arbilei³

2022

JLMA

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Biocompatible implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal, polymer, and ceramic to increase bone growth. This study aimed to create a new interface to enhance osseointegration. This interface is between the polymeric part and bone tissue. In this work coat PEEK (polyether ether ketone) plastic material coated with an active biocompatible material (hydroxyapatite). Regarding biocompatibility, coated PEEK was implanted inside the specimen in rabbit bone, the specimens were X-rayed after a period, and a histological investigation was performed after the samples were extracted from the test animals. X-ray and histological examination results indicate increased bone formation in the HA-coated implant compared with the non-coated HA implant.

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Biomedical applications of polyolefins

Cited by 17 publications

References 150 publications

Optimization of Grade Transitions in Bulk Poly(propylene) Polymerizations

Optimization of Grade Transitions in Bulk Poly(propylene) Polymerizations

Safety Evaluation of a Prototypical Diazirine-Based Covalent Crosslinker and Molecular Adhesive

A Osseointegration in Rabbit Model Using PEEK Coated by HA: Comparative Study for Histological and X-ray

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