Biomedical nanomaterials for immunological applications: ongoing research and clinical trials

Abstract

Research efforts on nanomaterial-based therapies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer have spiked and have made rapid progress over the past years. Nanomedicine has shown to contribute significantly...

Immunogenic Cell Death and Role of Nanomaterials Serving as Therapeutic Vaccine for Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy

“…There are no clinical trials on ferroptosis while only a few clinical trials on necroptosis and pyroptosis. The safety of the newly introduced materials also remains a vital issue for performing pre-clinical and clinical trials on the application of ICD ( 129 , 130 ). Further progress in this area is also linked with the possibility of determining which nanomaterials induce which cell death modalities, where new approaches are needed.…”

Novel insights into nanomaterials for immunomodulatory bone regeneration

“…In deed, antigen presenting cells (APCs) play a remarkable role in linking both innate and adaptive immune reactions, which make it particularly attractive targets for immunomodulation [8]. For instance, Smith et al, concluded that nanotechnology interacting with immune system mainly relied on APCs-mediated immune response, some pathways lead to reduced action or apoptosis of APCs in nanoscale immunosuppression [31,32]. Particularly, dendritic cells (DCs) are the major APC that can identify various tissue injury by-products and release numerous inflammatory factors in acute inflammation to accelerate tissue healing [33].…”

An overview on the investigation of nanomaterials' effect on plasma components: immunoglobulins and coagulation factor VIII, 2010–2020 review

“…They are essential in diagnostic field and have considerable importance in diverse therapeutic approaches like replacement therapy and immunomodulatory therapy (17,(77)(78)(79). Moreover, because of their useful characteristics such as high specificity, selectivity, good stability, and solubility, they have been adopted to treat cancer, autoimmune disease, and targeted drug delivery (extracellular or intracellular delivery) in rheumatic, infectious, inflammatory, and neurological conditions (80)(81)(82)(83). Human Ig can be used in various modes; for instance, subcutaneous (SCIG), intravenous (IVIG), and intramuscular (IMIG) administration (84-87).…”