Biometric and eddy-covariance based estimates of carbon fluxes in an age-sequence of temperate pine forests

Peichl, Matthias; Brodeur, Jason; Khomik, Myroslava; Arain, M. Altaf

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.03.002

Cited by 89 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…From these definitions, the NEP was regarded as the net carbon budget of ecosystems (NRCB). For natural ecosystems, which had no strong natural and anthropogenic disturbances, previous studies showed that the NEP obtained by the biomass inventory method and eddy covariance method agreed well with each other [80][81][82]. However, for ecosystems strongly affected by human activities at a regional scale (biomesociety system), especially at a long-term scale, anthropogenic and natural disturbances still exist, including food collection, timber harvesting, burning of plant residues, fires, water erosion and other geological processes that cause carbon leakage.…”

Section: Carbon Budget Components Of Terrestrial Ecosystems In Chinamentioning

confidence: 52%

Primary estimation of Chinese terrestrial carbon sequestration during 2001–2010

et al. 2015

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Quantifying the carbon budgets of terrestrial ecosystems is the foundation on which to understand the role of these ecosystems as carbon sinks and to mitigate global climate change. Through a re-examination of the conceptual framework of ecosystem productivity and the integration of multi-source data, we assumed that the entire terrestrial ecosystems in China to be a large-scale regional biome-society system. We approximated the carbon fluxes of key natural and anthropogenic processes at a regional scale, including fluxes of emissions from reactive carbon and creature ingestion, and fluxes of emissions from anthropogenic and natural disturbances. The gross primary productivity, ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in China were 7.78, 5.89 and 1.89 PgC a -1 , respectively, during the period from 2001 to 2010. After accounting for the consumption of reactive carbon and creature ingestion (0.078 PgC a -1 ), fires (0.002 PgC a -1 ), water erosion (0.038 PgC a -1 ) and agricultural and forestry utilization (0.806 PgC a -1 ), the final carbon sink in China was about 0.966 PgC a -1 ; this was considered as the climate-based potential terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink for the current climate conditions in China. The carbon emissions caused by anthropogenic disturbances accounted for more than 42 % of the NEP, which indicated that humans can play an important role in increasing terrestrial carbon sequestration and mitigating global climate change. This role can be fulfilled by reducing the carbon emissions caused by human activities and by prolonging the residence time of fixed organic carbon in the large-scale regional biome-society system through the improvement of ecosystem management.

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Section: Carbon Budget Components Of Terrestrial Ecosystems In Chinamentioning

confidence: 52%

Primary estimation of Chinese terrestrial carbon sequestration during 2001–2010

et al. 2015

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“…4A). Maximum NEP is observed in forests of less than 50 y, a phenomenon that is most likely a result of the high level of photosynthesis by young forests to produce biomass and structure that are consistently observed in tropical to boreal forests (18)(19)(20). In young forests, net primary productivity (NPP) exceeds heterotrophic respiration (R h ), resulting in high NEP, whereas in older stands, NPP may decline while R h continues to increase because of the accumulation of detritus and soil organic matter from earlier production (21).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High carbon dioxide uptake by subtropical forest ecosystems in the East Asian monsoon region

Zhi

Piao

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

468

226

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Temperate-and high-latitude forests have been shown to contribute a carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere, but fewer studies have addressed the carbon balance of the subtropical forests. In the present study, we integrated eddy covariance observations established in the 1990s and 2000s to show that East Asian monsoon subtropical forests between 20°N and 40°N represent an average net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of 362 ± 39 g C m −2 yr −1 (mean ± 1 SE). This average forest NEP value is higher than that of Asian tropical and temperate forests and is also higher than that of forests at the same latitudes in EuropeAfrica and North America. East Asian monsoon subtropical forests have comparable NEP to that of subtropical forests of the southeastern United States and intensively managed Western European forests. The total NEP of East Asian monsoon subtropical forests was estimated to be 0.72 ± 0.08 Pg C yr −1 , which accounts for 8% of the global forest NEP. This result indicates that the role of subtropical forests in the current global carbon cycle cannot be ignored and that the regional distributions of the Northern Hemisphere's terrestrial carbon sinks are needed to be reevaluated. The young stand ages and high nitrogen deposition, coupled with sufficient and synchronous water and heat availability, may be the primary reasons for the high NEP of this region, and further studies are needed to quantify the contribution of each underlying factor.

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“…One possible reason for this decrease in RH may be limited aeration （the slow diffusion of air in soil）（Linn and Doran, 1984;Rey et al, 2002） . Although the effect of soil water content has often been disregarded in estimating the contribution ratio （Zhao et al., 2010;Vallack et al, 2012;Grossiord et al, 2012） , our results emphasized the importance of soil water content as well as soil temperature to the contribution ratio of heterotrophic respiration to soil respiration. In addition, our results suggest that the contribution ratio could change in a complex manner when soil temperature and soil water content changed simultaneously in the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results suggest that the consideration of seasonal variation in the contribution ratio is very important in the accurate estimation of annual heterotrophic respiration. Also, some recent studies have estimated the contribution ratio without analyzing the effect of soil water content （Zhao et al., 2010;Vallack et al, 2012;Grossiord et al, 2012） . However, our result showed that the contribution ratio depended not only on soil temperature but also on soil water content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Annual res pi ration rates in various ecosystems have been assessed by many studies, which reported that soil respiration is an important regulator of climate change as well as a determinant of C balance in forest ecosystems （Raich and Schlesinger, 1992; Malhi et al, 1999;Saxe et al, 2001;Raich et al, 2002） . Soil respiration is the sum of autotrophic res pi ration by roots and associated mycorrhiza, and heterotrophic respiration by soil microorganisms and soil fauna, which decompose litter, detritus and soil organic matter （Edwards and Harris, 1977） . Heterotrophic respiration as a proportion of soil respiration was used to estimate CO2 exchange between the ecosystem and the atmosphere （Net Ecosystem Production, NEP） in a forest ecosystem （Ohtsuka et al, 2007;Kominami et al, 2008;Peichl et al, 2010） . Therefore, dividing heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration as components of soil respiration is essential in understanding the C cycle in forest ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal and Inter-annual Variations in Contribution Ratio of Heterotrophic Respiration to Soil Respiration in a Cool-temperate Deciduous Forest

Tomotsune¹,

Masuda²,

Yoshitake³

et al. 2013

J. Geogr.

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To clarify seasonal and inter-annual variations in the contribution of heterotrophic respiration to soil respiration and influences of such changes on the carbon balance in a forest ecosystem, relationships between respiration rates, soil temperature and soil water content, and the contribution ratio of heterotrophic respiration, were estimated over almost 3 years. Heterotrophic respiration was separated from soil respiration by the trenching method; CO2 emissions from the soil surface were measured along with soil temperature and volumetric soil water content in a cool-temperate deciduous forest from November 2009 to September 2012. Also, the root bag method and two decay models were used to accurately measure CO2 emissions from decomposing dead roots. The soil and heterotrophic respiration responded differently to changes in soil temperature and soil water content. An increase in soil temperature caused increases in respiration, and the response of heterotrophic respiration was lower than that of soil respiration. Also, an increase in the soil water content caused a slight increase in soil respiration and a decrease in heterotrophic respiration. These responses of the respirations to environmental factors caused a decrease in the contribution ratio of heterotrophic respiration with an increase in soil temperature and soil water content. These results suggest that the contribution ratio could experience complex changes when both factors change simultaneously in field conditions. Annual contribution ratios of heterotrophic respiration were estimated at 62％ in 2010 and 2011, and the contribution ratio showed seasonal variation ranging from 60％ to 100％. The estimated annual heterotrophic respiration rate in 2010 without such seasonal variation ranged from 1.50 to 2.51 kg CO2 m -2 yr -1, and these rates were 96％ to 161％ of that with seasonal variation （1.56 kg CO2 m -2 yr -1 ） . Also, the annual contribution ratio in 2010 estimated without the effect of soil water content （using respiration and soil temperature curve） was 80％. The resulting annual heterotrophic respiration rate was 2.01 kg CO2 m -2 yr -1, and this rate was 128％ of that with the effects of soil water content （using respiration, soil temperature and soil water content curve） . In contrast, the effect of inter-annual variation in the contribution ratio on annual heterotrophic respiration rate was small. Therefore, it is important to take into account the seasonal variation in the contribution ratio and the effects of the soil water content on the contribution ratio for more accurate estimation of heterotrophic respiration and net ecosystem production.

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Biometric and eddy-covariance based estimates of carbon fluxes in an age-sequence of temperate pine forests

Cited by 89 publications

References 51 publications

Primary estimation of Chinese terrestrial carbon sequestration during 2001–2010

Primary estimation of Chinese terrestrial carbon sequestration during 2001–2010

High carbon dioxide uptake by subtropical forest ecosystems in the East Asian monsoon region

Seasonal and Inter-annual Variations in Contribution Ratio of Heterotrophic Respiration to Soil Respiration in a Cool-temperate Deciduous Forest

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