Biomimetic Aspects of Restorative Dentistry Biomaterials

Abstract

Biomimetic has emerged as a multi-disciplinary science in several biomedical subjects in recent decades, including biomaterials and dentistry. In restorative dentistry, biomimetic approaches have been applied for a range of applications, such as restoring tooth defects using bioinspired peptides to achieve remineralization, bioactive and biomimetic biomaterials, and tissue engineering for regeneration. Advancements in the modern adhesive restorative materials, understanding of biomaterial–tissue interaction at the nano and microscale further enhanced the restorative materials’ properties (such as color, morphology, and strength) to mimic natural teeth. In addition, the tissue-engineering approaches resulted in regeneration of lost or damaged dental tissues mimicking their natural counterpart. The aim of the present article is to review various biomimetic approaches used to replace lost or damaged dental tissues using restorative biomaterials and tissue-engineering techniques. In addition, tooth structure, and various biomimetic properties of dental restorative materials and tissue-engineering scaffold materials, are discussed.

Prosthodontic Applications of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): An Update

“…Ideally, the denture base materials should be highly insert and chemically non-reactive with oral fluids and nutrients. During function, the denture base materials are exposed to a variety of nutrients, which may drastically vary in terms multiple factors, including their chemical nature, pH, and temperature [ 152 ]. Chemically, PMMA materials are organic resins that are negligibly soluble in water, however their solubility is high in organic solvents (such as ketones and esters).…”

Natural Biomaterials and Their Use as Bioinks for Printing Tissues

“… The main components used when constructing biomimetic tissues [ 32 ]. This figure is being reprinted under a Creative Commons BY 4.0 license.…”

“…Both bioink types can be utilized with extrusion printing. Scaffold-based bioinks incorporate cells into an exogenous biomaterial support structure Figure 2 [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. This supporting scaffold is typically composed of hydrogels, microcarriers (porous, spherical structures to support cell growth and adhesion), or decellularized ECM (dECM) components [ 30 ].…”

PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus

“…Biomimetic materials imitate a biological function and tissue morphology, where such dental materials have been previously investigated and reported [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Biomimetic dental restorative materials for prostheses should imitate the properties of natural tooth and its components, such as enamel and dentin [ 22 ]. Previous reports on the development of restorative materials that mimic tooth morphology and function [ 23 , 24 ] have demonstrated that highly biocompatible materials show promise as next-generation dental CAD/CAM blocks.…”