Biomimetic Design of Hollow Flower‐Like g‐C3N4@PDA Organic Framework Nanospheres for Realizing an Efficient Photoreactivity

Abstract

Organic framework polymers have attracted much interest due to the enormous potential design space offered by the atomically precise spatial assembly of organic molecular building blocks. The morphology control of organic frameworks is a complex issue that hinders the development of organic frameworks for practical applications. Biomimetic self‐assembly is a promising approach for designing and fabricating multiple‐functional nanoarchitectures. A bioinspired hollow flower‐like organic framework nanosphere heterostructure comprised of carbon nitride and polydopamine (g‐C3N4@PDA) is successfully synthesized via a mild and green method. This heterostructure can effectively avoid the agglomeration of nanosheets to better access the hollow nanospheres with high open‐up specific surface area. The electron delocalization of g‐C3N4 and PDA under visible light can largely promote photoelectron transfer and enhance the photocatalytic activity of the g‐C3N4@PDA. Furthermore, the g‐C3N4@PDA can effectively enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species under irradiation, which can lead to cell apoptosis and enhance the performance for cancer therapy. Therefore, the as‐prepared g‐C3N4@PDA provides a paradigm of highly efficient photocatalyst that can be used as nanomedicine toward cancer therapy. This study could open up a new avenue for exploiting more other potential hollow nanosphere organic frameworks.

Band Engineering and Morphology Control of Oxygen-Incorporated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Porous Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…Therefore, the OCN-3 catalyst had a peak external QE of 26.96% at 400 nm and 4.28% at 420 nm (Fig. 3 e), which outperformed in the g-C 3 N 4 -based catalysts reported in the literature (Table S4), including NiMo/g-C 3 N 4 , PDA@g-C 3 N 4 , Ni(OH) 2 /CdS/g-C 3 N 4 [ 9 , 13 , 29 , 39 , 46 ]. The stability of the OCN-3 was tested by cyclic photocatalytic H 2 evolution experiments.…”

“…Researches have shown that heteroatom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) dopants play a vital role in promoting the photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 through broader light-responsive range, higher light utilization efficiency owing to the reduced band gap [13,14]. For instance, Li et al [15] found that P-doping could significantly improve the electronic conductivity of g-C 3 N 4 , leading to the inhibition of recovering of photoseparated charges and holes under visible-light irradiation.…”

Supramolecular electrostatic self-assembly of mesoporous thin-walled graphitic carbon nitride microtubes for highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic activities

“…Over the past decade, copious effort s have been devoted to the reconstruction of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) due to its fascinating physicochemical, optical, and electronic properties [6,7] . To address the intrinsic drawbacks of bulk g-C 3 N 4 , the fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and inefficient interfacial charge transfer, a variety of hollow morpholo-gies have been designed to achieve 3D micro-/nanospheres [8,9] , 2D/3D flower-like nanospheres [10,11] , 1D nanofibers [12] , 1D/2D nanotubes [13] , horn-like microtubes [14] , etc. Among the hollow structures of g-C 3 N 4 , the low dimensionnal morphologies, especially 1D tubes, have been proven to benefit the oriented electron transfer from matrix to surface and then the transmission along longitudinal direction, which become a hot topic in the g-C 3 N 4based photocatalysis field [15,16] .…”

Strategic Advances in Spatiotemporal Control of Bioinspired Phenolic Chemistries in Materials Science

“…[269] By means of electrostatic interaction, PDA was decorated with graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets, giving rise to a photocatalytic system with enhanced performance. [270]…”