Biomimic Vein-Like Transparent Conducting Electrodes with Low Sheet Resistance and Metal Consumption

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS • The electrical transport of the metallized vein networks is mimicked from the material transport function of the leaf vein networks. • The vein-like transparent conducting electrodes show ultralow sheet resistance < 0.1 Ω □ −1 , broadband optical transparency > 80%, and high current density transport capability > 6000 A cm −2. • The metal consumption for the metallization of the leaf veins can be as low as 4 g m −2 .

Time of Failure of Metallic Nanowire Networks under Coupled Electrical and Thermal Stress: Implications for Transparent Electrodes Lifetime

“…3,12,13 In particular, silver nanowire (AgNW) networks exhibit similar optical and electrical properties to ITO-based electrodes, namely sheet resistance values below 10 Ω/sq and optical transparency of 90% 14 while using less material per unit area. 15,16 AgNW networks are also mechanically stable under bending tests when deposited on flexible substrates. 11 Furthermore, the deposition of these metallic networks is compatible with large-area and cheap solution-based deposition techniques.…”

“…Transparent electrodes (TE) are essential for a large variety of energy, lighting, and heating devices, such as solar cells, liquid crystal displays, organic light-emitting diodes, touch panels, gas sensors, transparent heaters, smart windows, low-emissivity coating, electrochromic devices, resistive switching devices, transparent electromagnetic interference shielding, medical devices, and smart clothing. − While indium tin oxide (ITO) has so far dominated the field of transparent electrodes, ITO is becoming too costly and its brittleness is a limiting factor for the current increasing demand on flexible electronic devices . Metallic nanowire random networks represent a promising alternative to ITO, having shown outstanding properties in terms of low sheet resistance at high transparency combined with a high flexibility. ,, In particular, silver nanowire (AgNW) networks exhibit similar optical and electrical properties to ITO-based electrodes, namely sheet resistance values below 10 Ω/sq and optical transparency of 90% while using less material per unit area. , AgNW networks are also mechanically stable under bending tests when deposited on flexible substrates . Furthermore, the deposition of these metallic networks is compatible with large-area and cheap solution-based deposition techniques …”

Biodegradable, Breathable Leaf Vein‐Based Tactile Sensors with Tunable Sensitivity and Sensing Range

“…Natural leaf vein is obtained from mature magnolia leaves and then treated by alkaline hydrolysis method. [29] The preparation method and process of specific materials and devices are illustrated in Figure S1 (Supporting Information). Figure 1c shows the three-dimensional porous hierarchical structure of the pressure-sensitive layer, which is composed of multiple leaf veins and the distribution of Ag NWs on them.…”

Lipid Nanotubes as an Organic Template for an Electrically Conductive Gold Nanostructure Network

“…Organic templating based on self-assembled biomolecules is one of the approaches that can potentially provide a higher throughput thanks to the self-assembly and lower prices because of the wet-chemistry-based processes without use of expensive machines. Magnolia liliiflora leaf veins have been previously exploited to fabricate conductive transparent substrates by electroless metal plating of copper . Their performance in terms of the transparency in visible wavelength (86%) and the sheet resistance that is 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of ITO films is excellent; however, their feature size is relatively large (sub-micrometer to several micrometers) and the use of natural leaves hinders controlled large scale productions.…”