Biophasic Availability of Ophthalmic Carbachol I: Mechanisms of Cationic Polymerand Surfactant-Promoted Miotic Activity

Electrophysiological Characterization of Tight Junctional Pathway of Rabbit Cornea Treated with Ophthalmic Ingredients

“…Marsh and Maurice 3) reported that the concentration of fluorescein in the aqueous humor of humans was enhanced by the instillation of dye with a non-ionic surfactant. Smolen et al 4) demonstrated that various preservatives or cationic polymers enhanced carbachol permeability and increased drug concentration inside the eye globe. Newton et al 5) reported that Azone, a transdermal absorption enhancer, increased the ocular delivery of instilled cyclosporine and enhanced immunosuppression activity.…”

Role of benzalkonium chloride in DNA strand breaks in human corneal epithelial cells

“…The mechanism of the microbiocidal action of BAC is thought to be due to disruption of the cell membranes of microorganisms. BAC has also been reported to enhance drug penetration and improve topical bioavailability of ophthalmic drugs [1][2][3].…”

Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride on the Blood–Aqueous and Blood–Retinal Barriers of Pseudophakic Eyes

“…The mechanism of its microbiocidal action involves the disruption of the cell membranes of microorganisms. 2,3 BAK can potentially increase the delivery of topically applied drugs to the aqueous humor (AH) and, ultimately, to the sites of AH production and outflow. 4 It is most often used at a concentration of 0.01% (ranging from 0.004% to 0.02%) in ophthalmic preparations.…”