Bioprinting technology and its applications

Abstract

Bioprinting technology has emerged as a powerful tool for building tissue and organ structures in the field of tissue engineering. This technology allows precise placement of cells, biomaterials and biomolecules in spatially predefined locations within confined three-dimensional (3D) structures. Various bioprinting technologies have been developed and utilized for applications in life sciences, ranging from studying cellular mechanisms to constructing tissues and organs for implantation, including heart valve, myocardial tissue, trachea and blood vessels. In this article, we introduce the general principles and limitations of the most widely used bioprinting technologies, including jetting- and extrusion-based systems. Application-based research focused on tissue regeneration is presented, as well as the current challenges that hamper clinical utility of bioprinting technology.

Standardized 3D Bioprinting of Soft Tissue Models with Human Primary Cells

“…[5][6]27 Different bioprinting technologies to deposit cells with high viability 28 as well as printable ECM-like hydrogels to support cell growth in 3D are available. 9,27 However, at the moment, the bioprinting approach faces several shortcomings. Most printed tissue models are produced with in-house developed bioprinters, limiting the reproducibility and transferability of the achievements to other research groups or industries.…”

Recent cell printing systems for tissue engineering

“…Recently, W. Sun proposed computer-aided tissue engineering; the concept involves printing of 3D interconnected porous structures of anatomically modeled patient tissues and organs from CT or MRI image data [7] . Based on this concept, printing of artificial tissues, such as the ear, blood vessels, skin, bladder [8][9][10][11][12] , and organs like the heart or liver will be expected soon.…”

“…Primarily, they have been modified from conventional 3D-printing methods, and adapting them for cell culture. The 3D cell printing techniques are mainly classified into three techniques: (1) laser-assisted, (2) inkjet, and (3) extrusion cell printing [14][15][16] . However, unfortunately, the current cell printing processes have not successfully designed or fabricated 3D porous cell-laden structures ( ).…”

3D bioprinting technology for regenerative medicine applications

“…Bioprinting can be defined as the use of materials science and fabrication techniques to build biological constructs containing tissues, cells and biomolecules with a particular organization and biological function [4] . Bioprinting techniques have been recently explored for different biological applications due to their potential to overcome most of the problems associated with the classical tissue engineering methods [5] . Classical tissue engineering involves the combination of scaffolds, cells and compounds, such as growth factors [5,6] .…”

“…Bioprinting techniques have been recently explored for different biological applications due to their potential to overcome most of the problems associated with the classical tissue engineering methods [5] . Classical tissue engineering involves the combination of scaffolds, cells and compounds, such as growth factors [5,6] . Scaffolds are seeded with the cells and compounds that promote tissue regeneration.…”