Biopsychosocial Challenges of the New Millennium

Ryff, Carol D.; Singer, Burton H.

doi:10.1159/000012390

Cited by 95 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…18 Such an approach is strongly needed to depict the complex biopsychosocial burden of this disease. 19,20 Accepted for publication October 31, 2002. This study was partially supported by grant ICS-120. 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the Self-administered Psoriasis Area and Severity Index in Evaluating Clinical and Sociodemographic Subgroups of Patients With Psoriasis

et al. 2003

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the Self-administered Psoriasis Area and Severity Index in Evaluating Clinical and Sociodemographic Subgroups of Patients With Psoriasis

et al. 2003

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“…a variable predicting differential response to one versus another treatment. A final issue worthy of research interest is the relationship between locus of control and psychological well-being [13, 14]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locus of Control Orientation in Panic Disorder and the Differential Effects of Treatment

Bakker

Spinhoven

Does

et al. 2002

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: In this study the effects of treatment with cognitive therapy, antidepressants or pill-placebo on the locus of control orientation in panic disorder patients were analysed, as well as the relation of this panic locus of control with panic frequency and cognitive measures of panic. Methods: A Multidimensional Anxiety Locus of Control scale (MALC) was developed and completed with other measures (ACQ and BSQ) before and after treatment. Patients also kept a panic diary. Results: Four subscales were derived from the MALC: one Internal, and three external (a Chance, a Medication, and a Therapist) locus of anxiety control orientation scales. Cognitive therapy was superior over pill-placebo on most outcome measures whereas antidepressants were only superior in reducing the number of panic attacks. Treatment with cognitive therapy resulted in an increase of ‘internal’ anxiety control orientation and a decrease of ‘chance’ and ‘medication’ orientation, in comparison with antidepressant therapy. The residualized gain scores on the MALC subscales correlated with clinical improvement in subjects treated with cognitive therapy only. Conclusions: Results suggest that the locus of control orientation is important in evaluating the differential effects of treatments in panic disorder. A differential effect on panic locus of control in favor of cognitive therapy in comparison to medication was found.

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“…Hooley and Richters [70]highlight the value of focusing on the identification of more powerful predictors of relapse rather than on the development of alternative measures of EE. Other authors [71, 72]emphasize the importance of identifying psychological well-being (encompassing family relationship) as a protective factor against relapse in mood disorders.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Interventions Focused on the Family of Bipolar Patients

Reinares¹,

Colom²,

Martínez‐Arán³

et al. 2001

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Although genetic and biological factors are crucial in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, the importance of psychosocial and familial factors in triggering or mitigating relapses warrants the implementation of psychotherapeutic interventions. The authors review and criticize the role of family intervention in bipolar disorder. Methods: The main computerized databases (Medline, Psychological Abstracts, Current Contents) have been searched for the terms ‘family intervention’, ‘family management’, ‘family therapy’, ‘psychotherapy’, ‘psychoeducation’ and ‘bipolar disorder’. Results: Some studies have associated high expressed emotion in relatives and poorer outcome in bipolar disorder. Studies on families of bipolar patients seem to support that family intervention as adjunctive therapy to pharmacological treatment may reduce the number of relapses and hospitalizations, improving familial, occupational and social functioning. However, controlled studies are scarce and most of them have a great number of methodological pitfalls such as small sample size, uncontrolled pharmacological treatment, absence of long follow-up and biased populations, among others. Conclusions: Both bipolar patients and their relatives could benefit from family intervention as adjunctive treatment to pharmacotherapy. Nevertheless, it would be necessary to design further investigations avoiding some of the limitations listed above, and controlling additionally for psychopathology in family members, and the influence of life events. It would be important to distinguish between causes and effects, studying which factors are involved in family attitudes and determining whether the interactive patterns are variable or stable according to the clinical state of the patient. Finally, it would be useful to design viable, effective and measurable interventions for the accurate delimitation of the role of family intervention in the treatment of bipolar disorder.

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Biopsychosocial Challenges of the New Millennium

Cited by 95 publications

References 66 publications

Performance of the Self-administered Psoriasis Area and Severity Index in Evaluating Clinical and Sociodemographic Subgroups of Patients With Psoriasis

Performance of the Self-administered Psoriasis Area and Severity Index in Evaluating Clinical and Sociodemographic Subgroups of Patients With Psoriasis

Locus of Control Orientation in Panic Disorder and the Differential Effects of Treatment

Therapeutic Interventions Focused on the Family of Bipolar Patients

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