Biorefining of oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioethanol and xylitol production in Indonesia: A review

Suhartini, Sri; Rohma, Novita Ainur; Mardawati, Efri; Kasbawati,; Hidayat, Nur; Melville, L.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111817

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…The bioethanol produced by biomass is stated as first-generation, competing with biomass's function as food. Recently, many researchers produced bioethanol from non-food biomass that contained lignocellulose, such as waste crops and cereals (Melikoglu & Turkmen, 2019), rice straw (Gupta & Chundawat, 2020;Hassan et al, 2021), oil palm empty fruit bunches (Suhartini et al, 2022) and coconut husk (Bolivar-Telleria et al, 2018). The bioethanol produced by lignocellulose is stated as the second generation of bioethanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol Production from Chlorella Pyrenoidosa by Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Method

Yerizam¹,

Jannah²,

Aprianti³

2023

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Starch can be found in microalgae, the raw material for the third generation of bioethanol production. One of them is C. pyrenoidosa. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of α-amylase enzyme concentration on the glucose contents produced and the effects of fermentation time on bioethanol contents produced. The hydrolysis process of this study was conducted using an α-amylase enzyme produced by A. niger. Several analyses in this research were carried out, including the analysis of enzyme activity using the Fuwa method, the analysis of glucose levels from enzymatic hydrolysis using the DNS method, and the analysis of bioethanol contents using the density method and GC-MS. The highest glucose content was 0.67 mg/mL, which was obtained from the addition of 40% (v/w) α-amylase enzyme, and the yield of bioethanol content from the sample treated 40% (v/w) α-amylase enzyme and fermented for 9 days was the optimum, which produced 28.07% of bioethanol content.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol Production from Chlorella Pyrenoidosa by Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Method

Yerizam¹,

Jannah²,

Aprianti³

2023

J. Ecol. Eng.

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“…Bioethanol, as a renewable, economically affordable, and environmentally safe energy material, will gradually become a substitute for fossil fuels. It has far-reaching research significance and application value for the development of a sustainable energy strategy ( Karimi et al, 2021 ; Zeng et al, 2021 ; Ziaei-Rad et al, 2021 ; Suhartini et al, 2022 ). Due to competition with food supply in the first generation of bioethanol production, lignocellulose, a non-starch material, has become an important raw material for bioethanol production ( Alonso et al, 2019 ; Maia et al, 2020 ; Winarni et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Surfactants in Oriented Immobilization of Cellulase on Nanocarriers and Multiphase Hydrolysis System

et al. 2022

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Surfactants, especially non-ionic surfactants, play an important role in the preparation of nanocarriers and can also promote the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. A broad overview of the current status of surfactants on the immobilization of cellulase is provided in this review. In addition, the restricting factors in cellulase immobilization in the complex multiphase hydrolysis system are discussed, including the carrier structure characteristics, solid-solid contact obstacles, external diffusion resistance, limited recycling frequency, and nonproductive combination of enzyme active centers. Furthermore, promising prospects of cellulase-oriented immobilization are proposed, including the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interaction of surfactants and cellulase in the oil-water reaction system, the reversed micelle system of surfactants, and the possible oriented immobilization mechanism.

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“…Several strategies were proposed and assessed to emphasize the technical and commercial opportunities for OPEFB conversion. These strategies were based on either mono-production of xylitol or bioethanol or combined production via process integration (co-production) [ 7 ]. The xylitol and ethanol co-production scenario is considered more profitable because this process increases the economics of low bioethanol production by adding another high-value product, namely xylitol [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies reported the potential use of OPEFB as the feedstock of bioethanol production due to its high cellulose content [ 7 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly employed yeast for commercial ethanol production, although various yeasts, bacteria, and other microorganisms can produce ethanol [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Process for the Xylitol and Ethanol Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Using Debaryomyces hansenii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

et al. 2022

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Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is the largest biomass waste from the palm oil industry. The OPEFB has a lignocellulose content of 34.77% cellulose, 22.55% hemicellulose, and 10.58% lignin. Therefore, this material’s hemicellulose and cellulose content have a high potential for xylitol and ethanol production, respectively. This study investigated the integrated microaerobic xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii and anaerobic ethanol semi simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (semi-SSF) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the same OPEFB material. A maximum xylitol concentration of 2.86 g/L was obtained with a yield of 0.297 g/gxylose. After 96 h of anaerobic fermentation, the maximum ethanol concentration was 6.48 g/L, corresponding to 71.38% of the theoretical ethanol yield. Significant morphological changes occurred in the OPEFB after hydrolysis and xylitol and ethanol fermentation were shown from SEM analysis.

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Biorefining of oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioethanol and xylitol production in Indonesia: A review

Cited by 36 publications

References 145 publications

Bioethanol Production from Chlorella Pyrenoidosa by Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Method

Bioethanol Production from Chlorella Pyrenoidosa by Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Method

Roles of Surfactants in Oriented Immobilization of Cellulase on Nanocarriers and Multiphase Hydrolysis System

An Integrated Process for the Xylitol and Ethanol Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Using Debaryomyces hansenii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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