Bioremediation treatment process through mercury-resistant bacteria isolated from Mithi river

Abstract

Unorganized development all over the world has resulted in the deterioration of the environment. The Mithi river located in Mumbai area is also one of the victims of this unorganized development. It has become a dumping site for industrial effluents, which contains various toxic materials including heavy metals such as mercury, chromium, arsenic. Physicochemical analysis of the Mithi river water samples has confirmed the deterioration of river water. Various parameters of Mithi river water such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), salinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were found to be higher than the normal values prescribed for the river water. In the present study, mercury-resistant bacteria were isolated from Mithi river and identified by biochemical and molecular analysis. The molecular identification of the mercury-resistant bacteria was done by 16S rDNA identification, which were identified as Bacillus sp. strain CSB_B078, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain FY2, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 23, Enterobacter sp. strain Amic_7, Enterobacter sp. strain 08, Acinetobacter seohaensis strain S34, Acinetobacter sp. 815B5_12ER2A. Mercury-resistant bacteria were isolated from both low-and high-salinity sites of Mithi river. The minimum inhibitory concentration of bacterial isolates against mercury was determined. Bacterial isolates could tolerate and grow in the presence of 700 ppm mercury and could also tolerate a high salinity of 35 ppt of NaCl. Resistance of bacterial isolates to high concentration of mercury and high-salinity stress suggests that the bacterial isolates could be an efficient candidate for bioremediation of mercury.

Bioremediation of mercury contaminated soil and water: A review

“…Pal et al, 2015;Saravanakumar et al, 2023). Pushkar et al (2019) in their studies reported several Hg-resistant bacteria (Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Acinetobacter) in Mithi River, which are used for bioremediation of Hg, and they have the ability to endure high content of Hg. Bacteria existed everywhere and can bioremediate Hg employing their integral processes (Mahbub et al, 2016 Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a recent development in bioremediation, where a donor vector carrying Hg resistance genes exchanges genetic material with a recipient bacteria.…”

“…It is quite likely that the resistance mechanism for other potentially toxic elements in microbes would result in the co‐occurrence of genetic apparatus for Hg resistance and efflux processes, leading to Hg‐resistant strains (Bombaywala et al, 2021; Fang et al, 2016; C. Pal et al, 2015; Saravanakumar et al, 2023). Pushkar et al (2019) in their studies reported several Hg‐resistant bacteria (Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Acinetobacter) in Mithi River, which are used for bioremediation of Hg, and they have the ability to endure high content of Hg. Bacteria existed everywhere and can bioremediate Hg employing their integral processes (Mahbub et al, 2016).…”

Bioremediation— sustainable tool for diverse contaminants management: Current scenario and future aspects

“…Colored distillery effluent Chaturvedi et al [23] Acinetobacter brisouii As and Cd Bhakta et al [24] Acinetobacter junii Reactive Red-120 Anwar et al [25] Acinetobacter seohaensis Mercury Pushkar et al [26] Alcaligens faecalis Colored distillery effluent Chaturvedi et al [23] Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus As Dey et al [27] Bacillus algicola Crude oil Lee et al [28] Bacillus anthracis Colored distillery effluent Chaturvedi et al [23] Bacillus atrophaeus n-alkanes and PAH Kiamarsi et al [12] Bacillus brevis Hexachlorocyclohexane Gupta et al [29] Bacillus cereus Diesel oil Maliji et al [30] Bacillus cibi Oily sludge Cerqueira et al [31] Bacillus circulans Hexachlorocyclohexane Gupta et al [29] Bacillus coagulans Diesel oil and crude oil Kehinde, Isaac [32] Bacillus firmus Vat dyes and Textile effluents Adebajo et al [33] Bacillus licheniformis PAH Eskandary et al [34] Bacillus macerans Vat dyes and Textile effluents Adebajo et al [33] Bacillus mojavensis PAH Eskandary et al [34] Bacillus pumilus Remazol navy blue dye Das et al [35] Bacillus subtilis Oil based paints Phulpoto et al [36] Bacillus thuringiensis Mercury Dash et al [37] Brucella intermedius Chromium Chen et al [38] Burkholderia cocovenenans Phenanthrene Wong et al [39] Celeribacter persicus PAH Jami et al [40] Citrobacter koseri Diesel oil and crude oil Kehinde, Isaac [32] Citrobacter sedlakii Petroleum polluted soils Ghoreishi et al [41] Comamonas aquatica Copper and nickel Ghosh et al [42] Corynebacterium variabile Oil mixture, n-alkanes, and PAH Zhang et al [43] Defluviimonas pyrenivorans PAH Zhang et al [44] Entrobacter cloacae Lead Kang et al [45] Entrobacter hormeachei Petroleum polluted soils Ghoreishi et al [41] Exiguobacterium aestuarii As and Cd Bhakta et al [24...…”

Mercuric chloride‐induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity, haematological changes and histopathological alterations in fish Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793)

“…Heavy metals are tainting the aquatic habitats and adversely affecting the aquatic life form. Heavy metal contamination has turned into the most serious concerns for the environment across the globe (Pushkar et al ., 2019). Various reports have confirmed that heavy metals and other poisonous compounds are majorly responsible for the deterioration of water quality in many rivers in India (Javed, 2015; Kumar et al ., 2019; Siddiqui & Pandey, 2019).…”