Bioresources and biofuels—From classical to perspectives and trends

Kiatkittipong, Worapon; Pongsiriyakul, Kanokthip; Lim, Jun Wei; Kiatkittipong, Kunlanan; Wongsurakul, Peerawat; Yodpetch, Viphada; Boonyasuwat, Sunya; Assabumrungrat, Suttichai

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819248-1.00004-x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…There are several hydrolysis methods to convert triglycerides into fatty acids. The present industrial production relies on two methods: the continuous, countercurrent synthesis (e.g., Colgate-Emergy and Lurgi) and the batchwise Twitchell process …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Fatty Acid Production: Comparative Technoeconomic and Life-Cycle Analysis between Subcritical Water and Lipase Methods

Thakhiew

Kesornpun

Wongnate

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Subcritical water hydrolysis and lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis (SWH and LPH, respectively) emerge as promising methods for hydrolyzing triglycerides to fatty acids. In this work, technoeconomic and environmental aspects of the two methods, using palm oil splitting as a model, at plant capacities of 10–200 tons/day have been investigated. While the annual operating costs of the two methods are comparable, SWH incurs significantly higher capital investment than LPH. As a result, the minimum selling price (MSP) of fatty acids for SWH is higher than that for LPH across all plant capacities studied. For the 10 tons/day capacity, the MSP values for SWH and LPH are 1.143 and 1.019 USD/kg, respectively. Heat integration is recommended so as to lower the MSP for SWH. Both alternative oil sources and longer lipase operational lifetime are important to the process economics. Finally, a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment clearly suggests that LPH is more environmentally friendly than SWH in all impact categories. The impacts of different life-cycle stages and use of sludge oils are also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%