Biosensors for the detection of pesticides

Atrazine analysis using an impedimetric immunosensor based on mixed biotinylated self-assembled monolayer

“…Both methods need traditional sample preparation, though very efficient in extracting the target analyte, which is time consuming and produces large amount of solvent wastes. Although conventional qualitative and quantitative assay methods are available alternative biosensor-based immunochemical methods are usually more convenient [8][9][10]. Antibodybased immunosensor technology allows quick and inexpensive analysis of pesticides in the laboratory or in the field [11].…”

Organic phase immunosensors

“…The development of novel transduction methodologies and advancements in the understanding of existing systems have created powerful new approaches to visualising, monitoring and interpreting the biorecognition process. Furthermore, society is increasingly demanding simple, sensitive devices for the rapid decentralised analysis and monitoring of a wide range of compounds, particularly in the clinical, environmental, nutritional and military areas [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Fiber-optic biosensors – an overview

“…Compared with traditional chromatographic and spectroscopic methods immunosensors have significant advantages in the field of pesticide analysis [96,97]: 1. because of their high specificity, low detection limits can be achieved without the need for expensive, time-consuming, and laborious clean-up steps, and 2. immunosensors are suitable for real time, in-situ or on-line monitoring of pollutants. For determination of pesticide residues in drinking water, only antibody-based methods conform with European Community legislation (EEC Directive 80/778) that set a maximum admissible concentration of 0.1 ng mL -1 for individual pesticides and 0.5 ng mL -1 for total pesticides [98].…”