Biosorption of copper and zinc by immobilised and free algal biomass, and the effects of metal biosorption on the growth and cellular structure of Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. isolated from rivers in Penang, Malaysia

Effect of immobilized biosorbents on the heavy metals (Cu2+) biosorption with variations of temperature and initial concentration of waste

“…was greater than the mobile biomass of Chlorella sp., reaching a removal capacity of Cu 2+ ions of up to 24.91 mg/g. The study of [5] also reported using immobilized biosorbent of Chlorella sp. that had an adsorption capacity of Cu 2+ ions of 28.5 mg/g.…”

Effects of organic compounds on the macroalgae culture of Aegagropila linnaei

“…It has been shown that different inorganic molecules, especially metal ions [2][3][4][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], as well as inorganic phosphorus [22,23] and nitrogen from nitrates and ammonium salts [16], has a significant effect on the composition of algae biomass. In our studies, we focused on the impact of four organic compounds: ascorbic acid, biotin, glucose and sucrose, on ash, protein, fiber, fat and amino acid content in the freshwater Aegagropila linnaei biomass.…”

“…The presence of the studied organic compounds had a negligible effect on the development of algae and their biomass composition in contrast to the metal ions [2][3][4][6][7][8]14,15], inorganic phosphorus [22,23] and nitrogen [16]. However, Berman & Chava [27] proved that also organic nitrogen sources might significantly stimulate the development of algae, especially when urea was the only nitrogen source.…”

“…Phyco-remediation is a special type of bioremediation which uses algae to uptake pollutants. Most of the research on phyco-remediation concerns the use of dried and dead forms of algal biomass to remove heavy metals from soil and water systems [2][3][4]. The effect of the presence of metals in the biomass of macroalgae is already well known, but there are no reports relating to the assessment of the effects of various organic compounds on the properties of algae.…”

Preparation and characterization of biosorbents and copper sequestration from simulated wastewater

“…The use of these residues has, in general, given the process the more common name of biosorption with the adsorbent nominated as biosorbent. Various biosorbents developed from agrowastes and used for heavy metals removal include rice straw (Gao et al 2008), free algal biomass for biosorption of copper and zinc (Wan Maznah et al 2012), removal of copper and zinc sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris), cattail (Typha latifolia), and reed (Phragmites communis) as reported by Yeh et al (2011), biomass of Desmostachy bipannata (Kush, a religious plant of Hindus) (Kour et al 2012), peanut shell (Witek-Krowiak et al 2011), Peganum harmala seeds as a biosorbent to remove lead, zinc and cadmium ions from contaminated water (Zamani et al 2013), seaweed (Basha et al 2008), wood and bark (Mohan et al 2007), tea waste (Malkoc and Nuhoglu 2007), maize corn cob, jatropha oil cake, sugarcane bagasse (Dos Santos et al 2011), raw and treated Agave salmiana bagasse (Velazquez-Jimenez et al 2013), sawdust (Hashem et al 2013;Memon et al 2005), rice husk (Kumar and Bandyopadhyay 2006), marine algal biomass, bagasse fly ash (Rameshraja et al 2012), wool, olive cake, sawdust, pine needles, Aleppo pine adsorbent (Benyoucef and Amrani 2011), almond shells, impregnated palm shell activated carbon with polyethyleneimine (Owlad et al 2010), Camellia oleifera Abel shells (Lu et al 2013), cactus leaves, and charcoal and pine bark (Al-Asheh et al 2000).…”