Biostratigraphy of the Pleistocene Fossiliferous Deposits of the Southern Brazilian Coastal Area

Lopes, Renato Pereira

doi:10.1007/s10914-011-9173-y

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The lagoon systems II and IV include two large coastal lakes (Mirim and Mangueira, respectively), while the Lagoon System III is a large lowland plain between the barriers II and III, mostly covered by soils, wetlands and small streams. The largest stream found in this plain is the Chuy Creek, renown for the presence of Pleistocene mammals in deposits exposed along its banks (Paula Couto and Cunha 1965, Lopes et al 2009, Pereira et al 2012, Lopes 2013). In the study area, the creek was very shallow (< 1 meter) until the early 1960s, when it was dredged and further deepened for agriculture purposes, thus exposing the stratigraphic sequence described here.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cordão Formation: loess deposits in the southern coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Lopes

Dillenburg

Schultz

2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Loess consists of silt-dominated sediments that cover ~10% of the Earth's surface. In southern South America it occurs in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay, and its presence in southern Brazil was never studied in detail. Here is proposed a new lithostratigraphic unit, Cordão Formation, consisting of loess deposits in the southern Brazilian coastal plain. It consists of fine-very fine silt with subordinate sand and clay, found mostly in lowland areas between Pleistocene coastal barriers. These sediments are palecolored (10YR hue) and forms ~1,5-2,0 meter-thick stable vertical walls. The clay minerals include illite, smectite, interstratified illite/smectite and kaolinite, the coarser fraction is mostly quartz and plagioclase. Caliche and iron-manganese nodules are also present. The only fossils found so far are rodent teeth and a tooth of a camelid (Hemiauchenia paradoxa). Luminescence ages indicate that this loess was deposited in the latest Pleistocene, between ~30 and 10 kyrs ago, and its upper portion was modified by erosion and accumulation of clay and organic matter in the Holocene. The estimated accumulation rate was ~630 g/ m 2 /year. The probable source of this loess is the Pampean Aeolian System of Argentina and it would have been deposited by the increased aeolian processes of the last glacial.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter encompasses paleosoils and lensshaped fluvial deposits that measure up to 10 meters in length, up to 40 centimeters in thickness, and contain a diverse fossil assemblage of Pleistocene mammals (Lopes 2013). The sediment is mostly fine sand, with up to 20-25% of silt and clay.…”

Section: Stratotype and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cordão Formation: loess deposits in the southern coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Lopes

Dillenburg

Schultz

2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Lopes et al (2010) dated teeth of megamammals from the fossiliferous level using Electron Spin Resonance obtaining ages between 226 and 33 ka BP. The most common taxa are large-bodied herbivores, but some carnivores and rodents have also been found (Oliveira et al, 2005;Kerber et al, 2011a;Pereira et al, 2011;Lopes et al, 2011;Lopes, 2013 was collected from a dark sand lens at the same stratigraphic position as MCTFM-PV0870, but some 2 km to the south. This sand lens has also yielded several fragments of other taxa such as Toxodon and Lestodon.…”

Section: Geological and Biostratigraphic Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the presence of Holochilus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in the late Pleistocene of southern Brazil

Kerber

Lopes

Oliveira

et al. 2012

gaea

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Fossil remains of the sigmodontine rodent Holochilus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) from two geographic areas from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil are reviewed and described here. The specimens came from two localities: Quaraí River in the western region, which has yielded a dentary with an incisor and molars, and Chuí Creek in the eastern region, where a fragmented right dentary and a maxillary fragment with molars were collected. The presence of this taxon in the late Pleistocene of meridional Brazil suggests the existence of perennial water bodies. RESUMOSOBRE A PRESENÇA DE HOLOCHILUS BRASILIENSIS (DESMAREST, 1819) (RODENTIA: CRICETIDAE: SIGMODONTINAE) NO PLEISTOCENO FINAL DO SUL DO BRASIL. Fósseis do roedor sigmodontíneo Holochilus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819), identifi cados em duas áreas geografi camente distintas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sul do Brasil, são aqui revisados e descritos. Os espécimes analisados provêm de duas localidades: o Rio Quaraí, no extremo oeste, onde foi identifi cado um dentário, com um incisivo e molares, e o Arroio Chuí, na porção leste, onde foram coletados um dentário direito fragmentado e um fragmento de maxilar com molares. A presença deste táxon no Pleistoceno fi nal do Brasil meridional sugere a presença de corpos de água perenes. Palavras-chave: mamíferos, roedores, Pleistoceno fi nal, paleoambiente, Rio Grande do Sul.

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“…The Coastal Plain of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (CPRS), in southern Brazil, is known for the presence of rich fossil assemblages of middle to late Pleistocene. The most conspicuous taxa from these assemblages are megamammals (body mass > 1,000 kg), including several species of ground sloths (Paula Couto & Cunha, 1965;Oliveira, 1992;Lopes & Pereira, 2010;Pitana et al, 2013;Lopes, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because no mammalian fossils had been found in the Graxaim Formation, Paula Couto & Cunha (1965) considered that the fossils found along the Chuí Creek and shoreline were preserved in one large Pleistocene unit, which extended in subsurface from the creek up to the continental shelf. The assumption that the fossils belonged to the same stratigraphic level was followed by Soliani (1973), who described the stratigraphy of the outcrops along the Chuí Creek, assigning a "Lujanian" (sensu Pascual et al, 1966) age to the fossils and naming the fossil-bearing sediments as the Santa Vitória Formation (SVF) (for a review of the chronostratigraphy of the fossil-bearing deposits see Lopes, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the presence of Megatherium Cuvier, 1796 (Xenarthra, Pilosa) in fossiliferous deposits of the Coastal Plain of Southern Brazil

Lopes¹,

Pereira²

2019

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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The presence of the extinct sloth Megatherium americanum Cuvier in Pleistocene deposits of the Coastal Plain of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, has been mentioned by several authors for decades, but formal descriptions of skeletal elements with unambiguous diagnostic features have never been published. The recent description of one dentary of the megatheriid Eremotherium laurillardi Lund from deposits in this area raised doubts about the taxonomic affinity of the materials assigned to M. americanum. The present work confirms the presence of the latter in the coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Santa Vitória do Palmar County), from a partial skull collected in fluvial deposits of the Santa Vitória Formation exposed on the banks of the Chuí Creek, plus an incomplete dentary, one tibia, one astragalus found on the shoreline, and another tibia with the fibula fused proximally and distally retrieved from the bottom of the continental shelf by the research vessel "Atlântico Sul". The fossils of both species of megatheriid sloths were found in the same deposits of Rio Grande do Sul (Chuí Creek in the coastal plain and Pessegueiro Creek in the central area of the state), which is remarkable given that E. laurillardi is known mostly from the intertropical Americas, whereas M. americanum is restricted to the subtropical-temperate regions of South America. Such co-occurrence could indicate that both species were sympatric or be related to the mixing by fluvial processes of remains of animals that occupied the same areas at distinct times due to periodic latitudinal shifts of the climatic belts.

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Biostratigraphy of the Pleistocene Fossiliferous Deposits of the Southern Brazilian Coastal Area

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Cordão Formation: loess deposits in the southern coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Cordão Formation: loess deposits in the southern coastal plain of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

On the presence of Holochilus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in the late Pleistocene of southern Brazil

On the presence of Megatherium Cuvier, 1796 (Xenarthra, Pilosa) in fossiliferous deposits of the Coastal Plain of Southern Brazil

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