“…Besides the conventional chemical and physical methods, the most recent approach for developing MO NSs is biosynthesis, where MnO 2 NPs (average particle size B4.62 nm) were synthesized by adding manganese salt into the culture medium of bacterial strain Bacillus species. 26,27 Mn-Based NSs can be produced with a variety of structures, morphologies, textures, porosity, and defects. A large number of Mn-based NSs of different shapes such as nanoparticles, 28,29 nanorods/nanowalls, 30,31 nanosheets, 32 nanospheres, [33][34][35] nanowires, 24,30 nanoballs, 25 nanoflowers, 15,30 thin films, 36 mesoporous/hollow structures, 33,37 sea urchin or coral-like structures, 38,39 nanobundles, 13 nanoplates, 35 porous hierarchical and hollow microstructures 40,41 have been synthesized by different methods.…”