No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Purpose The green biorefinery approach is an alternative to the chemical method of production of enzyme-rich hydrolysate from waste biomass. Specifically, feather and coconut oil cake (COC) hydrolysate manifests the generation of bioproducts like dietary fibers, biofertilizers, bioplastics, esters, nanoparticles, etc. Methods We scaled up the production of haloextremozyme-rich hydrolysates using Haloferax lucentensis GUBF-2 MG076878 in an economical bioreactor for valuation as biofertilizer for rice growth and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), showing antimicrobial activity. ResultsThe strain solubilizes 10% feather and COC with 78.75 ± 0.717% and 88.35 ± 0.654% degradation after 20 days, respectively. Moreover, tangential filtration aided co-concentration of both protease and lipase from feather/COC hydrolysate to >70% yield. SEM of feather/COC hydrolysate depicted particle size ranging 100-10000 nm. FTIR evidenced the functional groups of >C=O, -CH, -NH, -CH3, OH, and COO−. Priming seeds of rice with feather hydrolysate resulted in 100% germination energy and higher vigor index ( 1214), alongside increased shoot length (43.2 ± 0.58) under saline conditions. Biosynthesized AgNPs showed absorption maxima at 440 nm and vibrations of -CH, -OH, -NH, >C=C, and >C=O functionality in FTIR. AFM depicted the semi-oval morphology of AgNPs with a maximum height of 22 nm. Also, the presence of silver was confirmed by SEM-EDAX. AgNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against human pathogens as; C. albicans>S. aureus>S. pyogenes>E. coli ATCC 8439>P.vulgaris, and S.typhi. Conclusion Conclusively, the production of haloextremozyme-rich feather and COC hydrolysate via the biorefinery approach employing Haloferax lucentensis GUBF-2; is lucrative, considering waste valorization and biosynthesis of bioproducts in biotechnological applications.

No abstract