Biosynthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Using a Bioflocculant Extracted from Alcaligenis faecalis HCB2

Abstract

Bioflocculant from Alcaligenis faecalis HCB2 was used in the eco-friendly synthesis of the copper nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The transmission electron microscopy images showed close to spherical shapes with an average particle size of ∼53 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of the Cu nanopartilces and also the other elements such as O, C, P, Ca, Cl, Na, K, Mg, and S originated from the bioflocculant. FT-IR results showed the presence of the –OH and –NH2 groups, aliphatic bonds, amide and Cu–O bonds. Powder X-ray diffraction peaks confirmed the presence of (111) and (220) planes of fcc structure at 2 of 33° and 47° respectively with no other impurity peaks.

Ecofriendly Synthesis and Insecticidal Application of Copper Nanoparticles against the Storage Pest Tribolium castaneum

“…The EDX results showed the presence of oxygen, carbon, phosphorus, chlorine, potassium, and sulfur elements in the purified bioflocculant. The presence of oxygen, copper, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, chlorine, and sulfur elements in the assynthesized nanoparticles represented the passivation of the copper nanoparticles with the bioflocculant [51]. The EDX results confirmed the presence of Cu in a sample which was an indication that the bioflocculant could be used as a capping agent in CuNPs biotransformation.…”

“…From the study of Dlamini et al [51], the obtained TEM image showed that as-synthesized copper nanoparticles, using a bioflocculant extracted from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2, were close to the spherical shape. The copper nanoparticles appeared to be close to spherical in shape and aggregation [51].…”

Optimization and Application of Bioflocculant Passivated Copper Nanoparticles in the Wastewater Treatment

“…Three phases were noticed in the thermogravimetric analysis of as-synthesized copper nanoparticles. The first phase is observed from 40–120 °C due to the loss of moisture, the second phase appeared around 150–200 °C and could be attributed to the decomposition of polymer, and the third phase was observed at higher temperatures due to more weight loss from the samples [15]. The UV-Visible spectra of the bioflocculant and as-synthesized copper nanoparticles showed peak maxima at around 290–300 nm that could be ascribed to Cu nanoparticles formation [15].…”

“…The synthesis of copper nanoparticles was monitored through physical observation and characterization. Control was a copper sulphate solution without bioflocculant [15].…”

“…Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) analysis was performed on the bioflocculant and as-synthesized nanoparticles using the Tensor 27, Bruker FT-IR spectrophotometer with a resolution of 4 cm −1 in the range of 4000–200 cm −1 . The pure dry samples were ground to fine powder and were used in the analysis to identify the functional groups present [15].…”