Biosynthesis and regulation of polyamines in higher plants

Adiga, P. Radhakantha; Prasad, G.L.

doi:10.1007/bf00117580

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…However, significant differences could still be found between TLE-based activities and those based on "'CO2 released, especially in S. riddellii. These differences cannot be explained by the presence of phenolics (21) or by the production of H202 by amine oxidases (1,22 When tested at 1 mM Orn, the activity of ODC from side shoot leaves was about 30% higher than that determined at 0.5 mM Orn.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…After a 68 h exposure the shoots were sampled, cut, and frozen in two replicates. In addition, each of several shoots of S. riddellii and C. retusa was given 1 internal standard), and 0.9 ml of 1% dansyl chloride in acetone and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature in the dark overnight. Excess proline (0.075 ml of 15% solution) was added to the mixture and the acetone was removed under a stream of N2.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ornithine Decarboxylase, Polyamines, and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Senecio and Crotalaria

Birecka¹,

Birecki²,

Cohen³

et al. 1988

Plant Physiol.

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When tested for ornithine and arginine decarboxylases, pyrrolizidine alkaloid-bearing Senecio riddellii, S. longilobus (Compositae), and Crotalaria retusa (Leguminosae) plants exhibited only ornithine decarboxylase activity. This contrasts with previous studies of four species of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-bearing Heliotropium (Boraginaceae) in which arginine decarboxylase activity was very high relative to that of ornithine decarboxylase. Unlike Heliotropium angiospermum and Heliotropium indicum, in which endogenous arginine was the only detectable precursor of putrescine channeled into pyrrolizidines, in the species studied here using difluoromethylornithine and difluoromethylarginine as the enzyme inhibitors-endogenous ornithine was the main if not the only precursor of putrescine converted into the alkaloid aminoalcohol moiety. In S.riddeliji and C. retusa at flowering, ornithine decarboxylase activity was present mainly in leaves, especially the young ones. However, other very young organs such as inflorescence and growing roots exhibited much lower or very low activities; the enzyme activity in stems was negligible. There was no correlation between the enzyme activity and polyamine or alkaloid content in either species. In both species only free polyamines were detected except for C. retusa roots and inflorescence-with relatively very high levels of these compounds-in which conjugated putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were also found; agmatine was not identified by HPLC in any plant organ except for C. retusa roots with rhizobial nodules. Organ-or age-dependent differences in the polyamine levels were small or insignificant. The highest alkaloid contents were found in young leaves and inflorescence.Our previous study on PA '- the same borages were able to decarboxylate exogenous Orn to Put that in turn was converted into necines. Thus, in vivo transformation of an exogenous putative precursor does not always indicate the compound formed in situ that normally serves as a precursor. This is especially true in the case of Put, which can derive not only from Orn but also from Arg via Agm, the product of Arg decarboxylation by ADC. Our attempt to identify the in situ precursor(s) of the Put channeled into pyrrolizidines in Senecio vulgaris were unsuccessful due to the extremely low PA content of the shoots.We report here the effects of DFMO and DFMA on necine biosynthesis in S. riddellii, S. longilobus (Compositae), and Crotalaria retusa (Leguminosae) plants. These species occasionally produce extremely high levels of PAs, up to 9 to 17% of leaf dry weight (23). In previously analyzed samples of S. riddellii and S. longilobus plants from New Mexico the PA contents were about 1.5 and 2.8%, respectively (10). Since there is little information about polyamines, including Put, ADC, and ODC activities, or the site(s) of alkaloid biosynthesis in PA-bearing plants, and since such information is available only for Heliotropium (5, 7-9), a more detailed examination of PA-bearing plants seemed important. Flowering...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ornithine Decarboxylase, Polyamines, and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Senecio and Crotalaria

Birecka¹,

Birecki²,

Cohen³

et al. 1988

Plant Physiol.

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“…A polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP), arginine decarboxylase (Ramakrishna and Adiga 1975), S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), transaminidase (Adiga and Prasad 1986) have also been reported form grasspea seeds (Tamburino et al 2012). All except the former are involved in polyamine synthesis which is comprised by 'metabolon' architecture of enzymes viz., agmatine iminohydrolase, putrescine transcarbamoylase, carbamate kinase and ornithine transcarbamoylase activities in grasspea (Slocum et al 1984).…”

Section: Proteome Profiles In Tissues and In Response To Environmentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics of an Orphan Legume, Grasspea: Current Status and Future Strategy

Rathi

Chakraborty

2015

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech.

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Orphan legumes are defined as those which are grown as food, animal feed and/or other legumes of agriculture importance, but which have received very little research attention. Grasspea is one of the best examples of such legume which is cultivated worldwide, as it is the cheapest source of dietary protein particularly for the developing world. It has remained outside the realm of largescale functional genomics studies. Many grasspea cultivars are capable to withstand a myriad of constraints, not only the common abiotic stresses, but pests and pathogen attack making it one of the potential systems to study stress tolerance. In recent years, most of its traits that interest biologists worldwide, such as stress tolerance, have rated so high that a number of new initiatives have been taken by different research groups for better and safer use of grasspea. In this review, we discuss the progress made in the field of grasspea proteomics to date and dwell upon the future direction/problems/approaches towards defining the grasspea proteome.

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“…The biosynthesis of the common polyamines is initiated with the formation of putrescine from either Arg or Orn. Putrescine and certain other polyamines accumulate in plants subjected to stress conditions; this rise in putrescine is paralleled by an increase in the activity of ArgDC,4 while Orn decarboxylase appears to remain unaffected (1,5,18). Thus, ArgDC is a central stress-induced enzyme in many plants.…”

Section: Metabolic Pathways For Precursors Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternate route to spermidine has been identified in Lathyrus, where aspartic fl-semialdehyde is the aminopropyl donor for the formation of the intermediate carboxyspermidine, which is then decarboxylated to spermidine (1). This alternate route to spermidine is common to a number of bacteria.…”

Section: Metabolic Pathways For Precursors Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Occurrence of Uncommon Polyamines in Higher Plants

Kuehn¹,

Rodrı́guez-Garay²,

Bagga³

et al. 1990

Plant Physiol.

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Diamines and polyamines are ubiquitous components of living cells, and apparently are involved in numerous cellular and physiological processes. Certain "uncommon" polyamines have limited distribution in nature and have been associated primarily with organisms adapted to extreme environments, although the precise function of these polyamines in such organisms is unknown. This article summarizes current knowledge regarding the occurrence in higher plants of the uncommon polyamines related to and including norspermidine and norspermine. A putative biosynthetic pathway to account for the occurrences of these uncommon polyamines in higher plants is presented, with a summary of the supporting evidence indicating the existence of the requisite enzymatic activities in alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.The term "polyamines" is used here as a collective term for the naturally occurring diamines

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Biosynthesis and regulation of polyamines in higher plants

Cited by 27 publications

References 71 publications

Ornithine Decarboxylase, Polyamines, and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Senecio and Crotalaria

Ornithine Decarboxylase, Polyamines, and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Senecio and Crotalaria

Proteomics of an Orphan Legume, Grasspea: Current Status and Future Strategy

Novel Occurrence of Uncommon Polyamines in Higher Plants

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