Biosynthesis of prostaglandins by human spermatozoa in vitro and their role in acrosome reaction and fertilization

Roy, A.C.; Ratnam, S. S.

doi:10.1002/mrd.1080330311

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Even more unexpected was the fact that PTGS2 was constitutively expressed not only by somatic (Sertoli and Leydig) cells of the testis, as previously reported [13,14], but also by spermatogenic cells in the normal testis. The presence of Ptgs2 mRNA and protein in the postmeiotic germ cells in particular is entirely consistent with observations that mature spermatozoa, which are transcriptionally inactive, are able to produce PGs [52][53][54]. However, the presence of this enzyme in the germ cells throughout spermatogenesis also suggests a specific physiologic role for germ cell-derived PG production within the seminiferous epithelium itself.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Constitutive Expression of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 by Somatic and Spermatogenic Cells Is Responsible for Prostaglandin E2 Production in the Adult Rat Testis1

Winnall

Ali

O'Bryan

et al. 2007

Biology of Reproduction

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Prostaglandins (PGs), particularly PGE(2), have been implicated in the control of testicular steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and local immunity. However, virtually nothing is known about the expression or activity of the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases (PTGSs; also referred to as the cyclooxygenases), the specific rate-limiting enzymes responsible for PG production, in the adult testis. This activity was investigated in rats under normal conditions and during lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation using quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hybridization, Western blotting, and PGE(2) measurements by ELISA. The mRNA for both the "constitutive" Ptgs1 and the "inducible" Ptgs2 forms was detected in multiple testicular cell types. Testicular Ptgs2 expression was substantially higher than that of Ptgs1, and testicular production of PGE(2) in vitro was found to be suppressed by a specific PTGS2 inhibitor (NS-398), but not by an inhibitor of PTGS1. Further investigation indicated that 1) PGE(2) production in the adult testis is attributable to constitutive expression of PTGS2 by somatic (Leydig cells and Sertoli cells) and spermatogenic cells; 2) testicular macrophages constitutively produce relatively low levels of PTGS2 and PGE(2) but are the only cell type to respond significantly to an inflammatory stimulus by increasing production of PGE(2); and 3) testicular PTGS2 expression and intratesticular PGE(2) levels are only marginally affected by acute inflammation. These data point toward a previously unanticipated maintenance role for the "inducible" PTGS2 enzyme in normal testicular function, as well as an anomalous response of testicular PTGS2 to inflammatory stimuli. Both observations are consistent with the reduced capacity of the testis to initiate and support inflammatory reactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Constitutive Expression of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 by Somatic and Spermatogenic Cells Is Responsible for Prostaglandin E2 Production in the Adult Rat Testis1

Winnall

Ali

O'Bryan

et al. 2007

Biology of Reproduction

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“…PGs, such as PGE and PGF 2 α, are primarily produced in the accessory glands of the reproductive tract and have been shown to affect motility [1,3,4,17], acrosome reaction [15,16], capacitation, and fertilizing ability of sperm [8,15]. The present results revealed that PGE 2 production was dramatically increased not in serum but in seminal plasma immediately following ejaculation in male dogs.…”

supporting

confidence: 58%

Changes in Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> Levels in Seminal Plasma during Ejaculation and the Effect of Exogenous Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> on Semen Volume in the Dog

Kobayashi

Hori

Kawakami

2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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In healthy male dogs, peripheral plasma testosterone (T), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and seminal plasma PGE2 levels were measured before, during and after ejaculation, and semen quality was examined after oral administration of PGE2. Plasma T and PGE2 levels did not change during these periods, but the seminal plasma PGE2 level of combined the first and second fractions was significantly higher than those at 0-5 and 5-10 min after the start of ejaculation of the third fraction. Semen volume but not quality increased after PGE2 administration. In conclusion, large amounts of PGE2 are released from the prostate gland during the early part of ejaculation, and PGE2 plays an essential role in secretion of seminal plasma.

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“…Elevated levels of prostaglandins have been reported in seminal plasma (Templeton et al, 1978;Rodríguez-Martínez et al, 2009) and in cervical mucus (Charbonnel et al, 1982); in addition, sperm synthesize prostaglandins (Rodríguez-Martínez et al, 2009;Roy and Ratnam, 1992). Different studies have shown that prostaglandins enhance the fertilizing ability of sperm (Aitken et al, 1986;Aitken and Kelly 1985;Joyce et al, 1987), and our results on the acrosome reaction confirmed this role of prostaglandins.…”

Section: Pparγ Affects G6pdh Activity and Acrosome Reaction In Pig Spsupporting

confidence: 79%

Sperm metabolism in pig: a role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ

Santoro

Guido

Amicis

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear hormone receptor expressed predominantly in adipose tissue, also implicated in energy homeostasis. In this study, we used western blotting and immunofluorescence techniques to demonstrate for the first time that pig spermatozoa express PPARγ. To investigate the functional role of PPARγ in pig sperm, we evaluated its action on different events that characterize the biology of sperm cells, i.e. motility, capacitation, viability and acrosome reaction, using the PPARγ-agonist 15-deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2). In responses to PGJ2 treatment, motility, cholesterol efflux and tyrosine phosphorylation were increased, which broadens the role of PPARγ from that previously described in the literature, as it also acts to improve sperm functionality. To further our understanding of the significance of PPARγ in pig sperm, we focused its effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Evaluation of triglyceride content and lipase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and G6PDH activities suggests that PPARγ induces energy expenditure in pig spermatozoa. These data represent a meaningful advance in the field of sperm energy metabolism. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that PPARγ is expressed by pig sperm, thus improving its functionalities in terms of motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, survival and metabolism.

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Biosynthesis of prostaglandins by human spermatozoa in vitro and their role in acrosome reaction and fertilization

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Constitutive Expression of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 by Somatic and Spermatogenic Cells Is Responsible for Prostaglandin E2 Production in the Adult Rat Testis1

Constitutive Expression of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 by Somatic and Spermatogenic Cells Is Responsible for Prostaglandin E2 Production in the Adult Rat Testis1

Changes in Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> Levels in Seminal Plasma during Ejaculation and the Effect of Exogenous Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> on Semen Volume in the Dog

Sperm metabolism in pig: a role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ

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