Biota–sediment accumulation factor (BSAF), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and contaminant levels in prey fish to indicate the extent of PAHs and OCPs contamination in eggs of waterbirds

Abstract

Samples of pond sediment, fish, and shrimp were collected from the Ramsar site at Mai Po marshes, Hong Kong (south China), and samples of pond sediment, fish, and shrimp, as well as eggs of water birds (Chinese Pond Herons (Ardeola bacchus) and Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta)), were collected from two smaller wetland sites at Jiangsu Province (mid-China), between 2004 and 2007. Accumulation levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the biota were used to calculate biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF). For fish and shrimp, BSAFs of OCPs (3.8-56) were greater than those of PAHs (0.12-6.3). BSAFs and BAFs of 11-79 and 4-34, respectively, were registered for OCPs in eggs of the birds and were greater than those for PAHs (0.11-1.5 and 0.02-1.3, respectively). Assuming that fish were the main prey of the birds, greater bioaccumulation of OCPs was detected for both bird species (BAFs =4.5-34), while accumulation of PAHs was only detected in Little Egret (BAF=1.3). A significant linear relationship (p<0.01) was observed between concentrations of OCPs in bird eggs and in the prey fish. The present study provides a new possibility of using OCP levels detected in prey fish to predict the extent of OCPs contamination in eggs of waterbirds including the endangered species, as a noninvasive method.

Organochlorine pesticides, brominated flame retardants, synthetic musks and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in shrimps. An overview of occurrence and its implication on human exposure

“…from Mai Po (a Ramsar site) in Hong Kong, China. Domestic and industrial effluent discharged in the Pearl River Delta, have been a principal pollution source of this Ramsar site [54]. For DDD values ranged from ND to 14.83 ng/g ww, maximum value was detected in Exopalaemon modestus from Qiantang River, China.…”

“…Moreover, the shrimps sampled in estuary regions seem to be the mo contaminated ones [24,36,54,60,106,109,117]. For the PAHs evaluation the number of samples analysed varied between 3 [54,116,117,119,120] and 10 [24], the number of individuals collected ranged between 10 [117] and 300 [24]. The number of specimens pooled per sample ranged between 7 [109] and 200 [120].…”

“…supplementary data) summarizes published studies from 2004 to 2020 regarding shrimp contamination with OCPs[43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76]…”

BIOACCUMULATION OF SEDIMENTARY ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS (EDCs) BY THE BENTHIC FISH, Pleuronectes yokohamae

“…Analysis were conducted in triplicate (n = 3) with error of all analysis were within ±20 %. Data analysis BAF (bioaccumulation factors) were calculated as the ratio of concentration in biota to sediment [17,18] using the formula stated below:…”

Aquatic biota as potential biological indicators of the contamination, bioaccumulation and health risks caused by organochlorine pesticides in a large, shallow Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu)

“…Mid-range values were observed in medium-sized herbivorous fish species (M. amblycephala). It has been suggested that bottom-dwelling omnivorous species that feed on suspended solids and/or sediments, such as molluscs (C. chinensis) and mud carp (C. carpio), may accumulate greater concentrations of contaminants (Zhou et al, 1998;Zhou and Wong, 2000;Leung et al, 2010;Kwok et al, 2013) and that species that feed on algae and zooplankton, such as P. hyalocranius and shrimp (L. modestus), may accumulate contaminants to a lesser degree (Zhou and Wong, 2000).…”