Biotechnological Approaches for Cereal Crops Improvement

Production of Recombinant Human Lactoferin in Transgenic Barley

“…In our study the percentage of polyploidy lines proved to be very low. This is in agreement with the results of Sharma et al (79) and Abumhadi et al (1) where they showed that the mature embryos are more stable during the tissue culture and transformation process comparing with immature embryos.…”

“…Three to four hours before bombardment the embryos were placed scutellum-side up on osmotic medium (BB), containing MS salts (62), 30 g/L maltose, 0.5 g/L (2.7 μM) mannitol, 0.5 g/L (2.7 μM) sorbitol, 1 mg/L thiamine-HCl, 0.25 g/L myoinositol, 1 g/L casein hydrolysate, 0.69 g/L L-Proline, 5 μM CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, and 2 mg/L 2,4-D solidifi ed by 4 g/L Gelrite® and 4 g/L agar (4). The embryos were cultivated in dark regime at 24±1 o C.…”

“…Therefore, the development of effi cient transformation procedure (protocols) using current commercial barley cultivars, based on mature embryos as target explants is one of the most priorities in barley improvement (6). The fi rst report utilized barley mature embryos as target for transformation was from Abumhadi et al (1). The authors transformed mature embryos with selectable marker gene bar and obtained high transformation effi ciency.…”

“…In all transformation technologies the target tissue (explant) has exposed to many stresses, e.g. physical gold particles penetration, dehydration caused from osmotic treatment, and contact with selective agent (1). As a result, a high number of the transgenic barley plants were albino (12,19,51) and a somaclonal variation was observed (2,3,21).…”

Development of the Simple Gene Gun Apparatuses Systems

“…The basic principle of all these devices is the same as that originally developed by Sanford and co-workers (7). Nevertheless, expansion of particle gun tech- 1 Abbreviations: 2,4-D -2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, BB medium -basic bombardment medium nology is still limited by accessibility of devices due to high cost and complexity. The development of an inexpensive and efficient device that is simple to construct and operate would aid in the distribution and utilization of this technology (15).…”