Biotechnological improvement of ornamental plants

Darqui, Flavia Soledad; Radonic, Laura Mabel; Hopp, H. Esteban; Bilbao, Marisa López

doi:10.14295/oh.v23i3.1105

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The study and application of biotechnological techniques related to in vitro culture and transformation in species of the Asteraceae family have been developed mainly in chrysanthemum, lettuce, and sunflower. In the case of chrysanthemum, one of the most important cut flowers and ornamental plants used all over the world, important advances were made on different biotechnological aspects detailed in numerous research and reviewed by Darqui et al (2017) and Boutigny et al (2020). Unlike other ornamental species, in vitro micropropagation via somatic embryos or shoot regeneration is not used for chrysanthemum large-scale production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of the Transformation of Asteraceae Family Species: The Cases of Sunflower and Lettuce

et al. 2021

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The Asteraceae family is the largest and most diversified family of the Angiosperms, characterized by the presence of numerous clustered inflorescences, which have the appearance of a single compound flower. It is estimated that this family represents around 10% of all flowered species, with a great biodiversity, covering all environments on the planet, except Antarctica. Also, it includes economically important crops, such as lettuce, sunflower, and chrysanthemum; wild flowers; herbs, and several species that produce molecules with pharmacological properties. Nevertheless, the biotechnological improvement of this family is limited to a few species and their genetic transformation was achieved later than in other plant families. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a model species in molecular biology and plant biotechnology that has easily adapted to tissue culture, with efficient shoot regeneration from different tissues, organs, cells, and protoplasts. Due to this plasticity, it was possible to obtain transgenic plants tolerant to biotic or abiotic stresses as well as for the production of commercially interesting molecules (molecular farming). These advances, together with the complete sequencing of lettuce genome allowed the rapid adoption of gene editing using the CRISPR system. On the other hand, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a species that for years was considered recalcitrant to in vitro culture. Although this difficulty was overcome and some publications were made on sunflower genetic transformation, until now there is no transgenic variety commercialized or authorized for cultivation. In this article, we review similarities (such as avoiding the utilization of the CaMV35S promoter in transformation vectors) and differences (such as transformation efficiency) in the state of the art of genetic transformation techniques performed in these two species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of the Transformation of Asteraceae Family Species: The Cases of Sunflower and Lettuce

et al. 2021

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“…They are sold all over the world, and used in gardening, landscaping, and floristry as cut flowers 2 . Genetic modification of ornamental plants has been used to introduce original traits of high commercial interest for the producers and/or consumers, such as improved floral anatomy and morphology, new floral color, induced early flowering, enhanced fragrance or longevity, stress tolerance or disease resistance [1][2][3][4][5][6] . At least 50 ornamental plants have been transformed, the main species including rose (Rosa hybrida), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), petunia (Petunia hybrida), and carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nineteen GM events have been registered in the ISAAA database for carnation, one GM event for petunia, and two GM events for rose. So far, only flower color-modified varieties of carnation and rose have been released on the market of some countries, depending on their regulation concerning production and/or commercialization of GMO 4,6 . In Europe, only two GM carnation varieties may currently be marketed as cut flowers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview and detectability of the genetic modifications in ornamental plants

Boutigny¹,

Dohin²,

Pornin³

et al. 2020

Hortic Res

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The market of ornamental plants is extremely competitive, and for many species genetic engineering can be used to introduce original traits of high commercial interest. However, very few genetically modified (GM) ornamental varieties have reached the market so far. Indeed, the authorization process required for such plants has a strong impact on the profitability of the development of such products. Considering the numerous scientific studies using genetic modification on ornamental species of interest, a lot of transformed material has been produced, could be of commercial interest and could therefore be unintentionally released on the market. The unintentional use of GM petunia in breeding programs has indeed recently been observed. This review lists scientific publications using GM ornamental plants and tries to identify whether these plants could be detected by molecular biology tools commonly used by control laboratories.

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“…In 2017, unauthorized transgenic petunia plants were detected on the European market 5 . These plants contained the A1 gene from Zea mays L. encoding the dihydroflavonol reductase which was first introduced into a petunia to study the flavonoid metabolic pathway 6 .…”

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Targeted MinION sequencing of transgenes

Boutigny¹,

Fioriti²,

Rolland³

2020

Sci Rep

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The presence of genetically modified organisms (GMO) is commonly assessed using real-time PCR methods targeting the most common transgenic elements found in GMOs. Once the presence of GM material has been established using these screening methods, GMOs are further identified using a battery of real-time PCR methods, each being specific of one GM event and usually targeting the junction of the plant genome and of the transgenic DNA insert. If, using these specific methods, no GMO could be identified, the presence of an unauthorized GMO is suspected. In this context, the aim of this work was to develop a fast and simple method to obtain the sequence of the transgene and of its junction with plant DNA, with the presence of a screening sequence as only prior knowledge. An unauthorized GM petunia, recently found on the French market, was used as template during the development of this new molecular tool. The innovative proposed protocol is based on the circularization of fragmented DNA followed by the amplification of the transgene and of its flanking regions using long-range inverse PCR. Sequencing was performed using the Oxford Nanopore MinION technology and a bioinformatic pipeline was developed.

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Biotechnological improvement of ornamental plants

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

Peculiarities of the Transformation of Asteraceae Family Species: The Cases of Sunflower and Lettuce

Peculiarities of the Transformation of Asteraceae Family Species: The Cases of Sunflower and Lettuce

Overview and detectability of the genetic modifications in ornamental plants

Targeted MinION sequencing of transgenes

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