Biotic plant–soil feedbacks across temporal scales

Kardol, Paul; Deyn, Gerlinde B. De; Laliberté, Étienne; Mariotte, Pierre; Hawkes, Christine V.

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12046

Cited by 204 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Despite the increasing PSF literature, most studies are limited to legacy effects of preceding plants to directly succeeding plants wherein persistence of plant legacies remains unclear (Kardol, De Deyn, Laliberté, Mariotte, & Hawkes, ). The positive indirect feedback effects on subsequent Avena growing on former Cichorium plots illustrate that preceding‐crop legacies can persist for at least 1 year, which agrees with other studies (Bartelt‐Ryser et al., ; Campiglia et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy effects of diversity in space and time driven by winter cover crop biomass and nitrogen concentration

Barel

Kuyper

Boer

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Abstract1. Plant diversity can increase nitrogen cycling and decrease soil-borne pests, which are feedback mechanisms influencing subsequent plant growth. The relative strength of these mechanisms is unclear, as is the influence of preceding plant quantity and quality. Here, we studied how plant diversity in space and time influences subsequent crop growth.2. During 2 years, we rotated two main crops (Avena sativa, Cichorium endivia) with four winter cover crop (WCC) species in monocultures and mixtures. We hypothesized that, relative to monocultures, WCC mixtures promote WCC biomass (quantity) and nitrogen concentration (quality), soil mineral nitrogen, soil organic matter, and reduce plant-feeding nematode abundance. Additionally, we predicted that preceding crops modified WCC legacies. By structural equation modelling (SEM), we tested the relative importance of WCC shoot biomass and nitrogen concentration on succeeding crop productivity directly and indirectly via nitrogen cycling and root-feeding nematode abundance.3. WCC shoot biomass, soil properties and succeeding Avena productivity were affected by first-season cropping, whereas subsequent Cichorium only responded to the WCC treatments. WCC mixtures' productivity and nitrogen concentration showed over-and under-yielding, depending on mixture composition. Soil nitrogen and nematode abundance did not display WCC mixture effects. Soil organic matter was lower than expected after Raphanus sativus + Vicia sativa mixture. Subsequent Avena productivity depended upon mixture composition, whereas final Cichorium productivity was unresponsive to WCC mixtures. SEM indicated that WCC legacy effects on subsequent Avena (R 2 = 0.52) and Cichorium (R 2 = 0.59) productivity were driven by WCC biomass and nitrogen concentration, although not by the quantified soil properties. Synthesis and applications.Through understanding plant-soil feedback, legacy effects of plant species and species mixtures can be employed for sustainable management of agro-ecosystems. Biomass and nitrogen concentration of plants returned to the soil stimulate subsequent plant productivity. Winter cover crop quantity and quality are both manipulable with mixtures. The specificity of spatialThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy effects of diversity in space and time driven by winter cover crop biomass and nitrogen concentration

Barel

Kuyper

Boer

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…At low densities, an invasive plant's competitive performance against well-established natives may be relatively weak if those native plants have priority access to limited resources and greater resource-use efficiency (e.g. Kardol et al 2013, Mason et al 2013. Ecosystems with high levels of resilience to disturbance (such as those with either persistent and dense seed banks or ones that are replenished often by immigrant propagules from adjacent patches of non-invaded vegetation) may have high impact thresholds.…”

Section: Ecological Framework For Invasive Species Impact Thresholdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing for biodiversity: impact and action thresholds for invasive plants in natural ecosystems

Panetta¹,

Gooden²

2017

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Some studies examining the impacts of invasive plant species in native plant communities have demonstrated non-linear damage functions, whereby community components, such as species richness, are seemingly unaffected by the presence of an invader until it has attained relatively high levels of abundance, whereupon there is a marked decrease with further increases in abundance. Given chronic limitations in the resources available for managing invasive species, it has been argued that the most damaging invaders would be controlled most efficiently by maintaining their abundances below such threshold levels. Because many impact studies do not involve sampling over a wide range of invader abundances it is not possible to estimate the prevalence of threshold relationships. Furthermore, studies that have employed appropriate sampling methods have shown that different life forms exhibit different threshold responses, indicating that maintenance management for biodiversity values should be designed to protect the most sensitive species or groups of species. Since control costs increase with invader abundance, economic and ecological considerations are aligned when invaders are sustainably maintained at relatively low abundances. Adopting such an approach should also minimise negative impacts where damage functions are linear.

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“…; Kardol et al . ). Intensification of grassland management, through high grazing pressures, increased application of fertilizer or manure, and associated N deposition, selects for impoverished plant communities that are dominated by few fast‐growing, highly productive species (Stevens et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disentangling plant and soil microbial controls on carbon and nitrogen loss in grassland mesocosms

et al. 2015

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Summary 1.It is well known that plant-soil interactions play an important role in determining the impact of global change phenomena on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Little is known, however, about the individual and relative importance for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling of non-random changes in plant and soil communities that result from global change phenomena, such as fertilization and agricultural intensification. 2.We set up a field-based mesocosm experiment in which we re-inoculated soil with contrasting microbial communities taken from extensively managed and from intensively managed grasslands. In a full-factorial design, we subsequently established plant communities representative of intensively and extensively managed grasslands and imposed a fertilization treatment. We then measured plant biomass and diversity, and leaching of C and N as key measures of C and N loss.3. We hypothesized that non-random changes in both microbial and plant communities would impact C and N leaching, but via different mechanisms. We predicted that plant communities representative of extensively managed grassland would reduce C and N leaching directly through increased water or N uptake, or indirectly via promoting microbial communities that immobilize C and N, whereas plant communities of intensively managed grassland would have the opposite effect. We also hypothesized that microbial communities of extensively managed grassland would feed back positively to plant diversity and that 'matching' plant and microbial communities would reduce C and N leaching. 4.We found that both plant and microbial communities from extensively managed grassland reduced C and N leaching, especially when 'matched'. Plant community effects on C and N leaching operated directly through root C inputs and N uptake, rather than through changes in soil microbial communities. In contrast, microbial communities modified C and N leaching both directly by immobilization and indirectly through modifying plant community composition. Synthesis.Our results show that changes in plant and microbial communities both individually and interactively modify C and N loss from grasslands. Moreover, our results suggest that soil microbial communities typical of extensively managed grassland might counteract, or delay, the negative consequences of fertilization on plant diversity and ecosystem functioning.

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Biotic plant–soil feedbacks across temporal scales

Cited by 204 publications

References 44 publications

Legacy effects of diversity in space and time driven by winter cover crop biomass and nitrogen concentration

Legacy effects of diversity in space and time driven by winter cover crop biomass and nitrogen concentration

Managing for biodiversity: impact and action thresholds for invasive plants in natural ecosystems

Disentangling plant and soil microbial controls on carbon and nitrogen loss in grassland mesocosms

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