Biotransformation of the Fluoroquinolone, Levofloxacin, by the White-Rot Fungus Coriolopsis gallica

Abstract

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Phytochemical analysis, GC–MS profile and determination of antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities of peel and seeds extracts (chloroform and ethyl acetate) of Tamarindus indica L

“…Similarly, sulphonamide drugs like sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole are also among the antibiotics and were degraded individually by various types of microorganisms ( Mulla et al, 2016c , Mulla et al, 2018 , Mulla et al, 2023 , Wang et al, 2023a ). Moreover, there are reports on medicines like ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, levofloxacin (Fluoroquinolone), carbamazepine and diclofenac were degraded/removed by microorganisms ( Ben Ayed et al, 2022 , Chen et al, 2022b , Shah et al, 2022 , Wang et al, 2023b , Wojcieszyńska et al, 2023 ). Hence, various researchers are looking alternative ways like plant based molecules to control such organisms’ growth.…”

Efficient Decolorization of the Poly-Azo Dye Sirius Grey by Coriolopsis gallica Laccase-Mediator System: Process Optimization and Toxicity Assessment

“…Based on this fact, C. gallica was also shown to degrade many pollutants, including dyes [ 7 , 21 ], hydrocarbons [ 29 ], phenols, and bisphenol A [ 30 ]. Recently, C. gallica was shown to be able to degrade antibiotics [ 31 ]. In the same work, proteomic analysis showed the presence of one major secreted laccase, although there were several laccase genes in the genome.…”

Unusual and Unconsidered Mechanisms of Bacterial Resilience and Resistance to Quinolones

“…Thus, in the 1990s, the ability of several wood-rotting fungi, including Irpex lacteus , Gloeophyllum striatum or Phanerochaete chrysosporium, among others, to degrade enrofloxacin was first described [ 154 ]. Thereafter, the ability of other fungi, such as Clitocybe odora , Coriolopsis gallica, Cyathus stercoreus, Irpex lacteus , Xylaria longipes or others, to degrade or modify quinolones has been largely described [ 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 ]. Of note, the resulting metabolites may retain a degree of antibacterial activity, which varies between processed quinolones and fungi species [ 156 ].…”

“…Nevertheless, the role of enzymes such as cytochrome P450, or those possessing laccase-like and peroxidase-like activity, has been explored [ 155 , 156 , 159 ]; of note, the two latter types of enzymes are considered ligninolytic enzymes [ 160 ], in agreement with the apparent facility of wood-rooting fungi to degrade or modify quinolone. Along this line, a recent study analyzing the ability of Coriolopsis gallica to degrade levofloxacin suggested that enzymes with laccase-like and peroxidase-like activity may play a role due to their prevalence in fungi secretome [ 155 ]. Similarly, the chloroperoxidase of Leptoxyphium fumago (formerly Caldariomyces fumago ) is also able to degrade norfloxacin [ 161 ].…”