Biotransformation of the mycotoxin zearalenone by fungi of the genera<i>Rhizopus</i>and<i>Aspergillus</i>

Brodehl, Antje; Møller, Anne Mette; Kunte, Hans-Jörg; Koch, Matthias; Maul, Ronald

doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12586

Cited by 69 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…6,22e27 Four new bresorcylic macrolides would be derived through biogenetic modification of zearalenone. 28 Octahydronaphthalenes carrying a tetramic acid substituent at C-9 are common metabolites in this genus. 16e21 Therefore, this is the first report on the isolation of an octahydronaphthalene derivative without the tetramic acid group at C-9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Resorcylic macrolide and octahydronaphthalene derivatives from a seagrass-derived fungus Fusarium sp. PSU-ES123

et al. 2016

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Resorcylic macrolide and octahydronaphthalene derivatives from a seagrass-derived fungus Fusarium sp. PSU-ES123

et al. 2016

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“…Besides bacteria, several fungi were known as degrader of ZEN by producing different metabolites of ZEN: Rhizopus spp. producing α- zearalenol and β -zearalenol (Brodehl et al 2014); Aspergillus ochraceous and Aspergillus niger producing α -zearalanol and β -zearalanol (El-Sharkawy and Abul-Hajj 1988b); Cunninghamella bainieri producing 2,4-dimethoxyzearalenone and 2-methoxyzearalenone (El-Sharkawy and Abul-Hajj 1988b); Rhizopus arrhizus producing zearalenone 4-sulfate (El-Sharkaway et al 1991); Thamidium elegans and Mucor bainieri producing zearalenone-4- β - d -glucoside (El-Sharkawy and Abul-Hajj 1987). However, some of ZEN metabolic products such as α- zearalenol, α -zearalanol, and β -zearalanol showed higher toxicity and higher relative estrogenicity than ZEN (Shier et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation and biodetoxification of Fusarium mycotoxins by Sphaerodes mycoparasitica

Kim

Vujanovic

2017

AMB Expr

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A fungus Sphaerodes mycoparasitica SMCD 2220-01 is a host specific mycoparasite against plant pathogenic Fusarium species. Fusarium spp. are producing a plethora of mycotoxins including zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated derivatives, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON). The SMCD 2220-01 strain substantially reduced DON, 3-ADON, 15-ADON, and ZEN production capacity in co-culture system. Degradation and detoxification of the pure mycotoxins were also achieved when exposed to SMCD 2220-01 in shake flasks. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) combined with high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–HRMS) revealed that the amount of mycotoxins exposed to SMCD 2220-01 was considerably reduced compared to control. ZEN level was decreased by 97%, while zearalenone sulfate ([M−H+SO3]− at m/z 397.1052 C18H21O8S1) was detected as a metabolite of ZEN converted to less toxic molecule by the mycoparasite. Further, the mycoparasite appeared to degrade DON, 3-ADON, and 15-ADON by 89, 58, and 72%, respectively. The deoxynivalenol sulfate ([M−COCH3+SO3−CH2O]− at m/z 345.2300 C14H17O8S1) was detected as a less toxic metabolic product of DON and 3-ADON. These findings report the SMCD 2220-01 effectiveness to lower mycotoxins-producing capacities of Fusarium, degrade pure mycotoxins and transform them to less toxic metabolites, opening new opportunities for research and innovation for detoxification of mycotoxins.

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“…ZEN14Sulf appears to be a frequent contaminant of cereal-based food and feed (see Section 5). Recently, ZEN14Sulf has also been detected by LC-MS/MS in liquid cultures of two Aspergillus oryzae strains and seven Rhizopus species (Brodehl et al, 2014). These fungi are used for food processing, e.g.…”

Section: Zearalenone and Other Resorcylic Acid Lactones (Rals)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks for human and animal health related to the presence of modified forms of certain mycotoxins in food and feed

Publication¹

2014

EFS2

126

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Following a request from the European Commission, the risks to human and animal health related to modified forms of the Fusarium toxins zearalenone, nivalenol, T‐2 and HT‐2 toxins and fumonisins were evaluated. Modified (often called “masked”) mycotoxins are metabolites of the parent mycotoxin formed in the plant or fungus, e.g. by conjugation with polar compounds. Fumonisins, which are difficult to extract from the plant matrix, are also termed modified mycotoxins. The CONTAM Panel considered it appropriate to assess human exposure to modified forms of the various toxins in addition to the parent compounds, because many modified forms are hydrolysed into the parent compounds or released from the matrix during digestion. For modified forms of zearalenone, nivalenol, T‐2 and HT‐2 toxins and fumonisins, 100 %, 30 %, 10 % and 60 % were added, respectively based on reports on the relative contribution of modified forms. The same factors were used for animal exposure from feed. In the absence of specific toxicity data, toxicity equal to the parent compounds was assumed for modified mycotoxins. Risk characterization was done by comparing exposure scenarios with reference doses of the parent compounds. In humans, all lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) mean and 95th percentile exposures to the sum of modified and parent toxins were below the respective provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes (PMTDIs) and tolerable daily intakes (TDIs), with two exceptions: for zearalenone and modified zearalenone the UB 95th percentile exposure was up to 2.2‐fold the TDI. For fumonisins and modified fumonisins the exposure of toddlers and other children exceeded the PMTDI at both the LB and the UB estimates, which could be of concern. For farm animal species and pets the exposure to the sum of modified and parent toxins was in general not of concern. The risk in fish could not be addressed. The CONTAM Panel identified several uncertainties and data gaps for modified mycotoxins.

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Biotransformation of the mycotoxin zearalenone by fungi of the generaRhizopusandAspergillus

Cited by 69 publications

References 28 publications

β-Resorcylic macrolide and octahydronaphthalene derivatives from a seagrass-derived fungus Fusarium sp. PSU-ES123

β-Resorcylic macrolide and octahydronaphthalene derivatives from a seagrass-derived fungus Fusarium sp. PSU-ES123

Biodegradation and biodetoxification of Fusarium mycotoxins by Sphaerodes mycoparasitica

Scientific Opinion on the risks for human and animal health related to the presence of modified forms of certain mycotoxins in food and feed

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