Biphasic effect of pertussis vaccine on serum insulin in mice

Abstract

Administration of pertussis vaccine, consisting of whole, killed Bordetella pertussis organisms, causes hyperinsulinemia and enhanced secretion of insulin in response to a variety of secretagogues in rats and mice. In examining the time course and properties of this phenomenon, we discovered two distinct and separate effects of the bacteria on glucose and insulin levels in mice. First, a heatstable (80°C for 30 min) component causes a brief hyperinsulinemia which is measureable by 1 h, maximal at 8 h, and ends in less than 48 h. This effect appears to be due to B. pertussis endotoxin, is mimicked by Escherichia coli endotoxin, and is associated with a transient, mild hypoglycemia. Second, there is a heatlabile component of the B. pertussis organism which induces a sustained (>14 days), dose-dependent hyperinsulinemia which reaches a maximum at 5 to 7 days and has no associated hypoglycemia. The two effects are further distinguishable in that the early, endotoxin-induced hyperinsulinemia exhibits the normal suppressibility by exogenous epinephrine, whereas epinephrine markedly enhances the hyperinsulinemia occurring at 7 days. These two effects of B. pertussis appear to be mediated by different mechanisms and may be important in the well-recognized reactogenicity of pertussis vaccine in humans.

Dissociation of catalytic and invasive activities of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase

“…VOL. 57, 1989 on August 6, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from 15 min with either IgG-7 or IgG-2 at 37°C. Adenylate cyclase (222 nmol/min per ml) was then added, incubation was continued for 60 min, and intracellular cAMP was determined (29).…”

“…Another set of rabbits were injected with 1.6 mg of urea extract in complete Freund adjuvant and boosted three times intradermally and two times intravenously with 546 ,ug of urea extract. In some rabbits, subcutaneous glucose injections were necessary because of transient hypoglycemia (15). Sera were precipitated with 50% saturated ammonium sulfate over 6 to 8 h at cyclase (140 jig) was exposed on ice at pH 7.5 for 10 min to either chymotrypsin (left panels) or trypsin (right panels) at the ratios indicated.…”

Resistance to adenovirus infection after administration of Bordetella pertussis vaccine in mice

“…A variety of immunomodulatory activities have been associated with Bordetella pertussis vaccine (BPV) (14,17,19,20). Acellular components extracted from the B. pertussis cell can mimic some of these immunomodulatory activities (3,4,7,8,18,22,23). Treatment of mice with BPV or components extracted from B. pertussis can modify the pathogenesis of virus infections.…”