Birds' nests as a sòurce of domestic pests.

Woodroffe, G. E.; Southgate, B. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1951.tb00737.x

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Second, moth larvae in open nests may be more vulnerable to predators. Finally, improved retention and preservation of organic debris in closed nests, along with lower rates of decomposition (Woodroffe and Southgate, 1951), may increase resources for moth larvae. The significant differences in microclimate and decomposition rates between nests in artificial nest boxes and natural cavities (Hebda, Kandziora, and Mitrus, 2017;Maziarz, Broughton and Wesołowski, 2017) means the two habitats are unlikely to support identical invertebrate faunas.…”

Section: Factors Affecting the Overall Occurrence And Abundance Of Mothsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These investigated moths in Japan associated with nests of insectivorous passerines (Nasu et al, 2012a) and owls (Nasu et al, 2012b); the moths of owl nests in Finland (Jalava, 1980) and Poland (Jaworski, Gryz and Krauze-Gryz, 2012); the arthropod fauna of shrike nests in Poland (Tryjanowski et al, 2001); and the invertebrate fauna of bird nests in England, UK (Woodroffe and Southgate, 1951;Woodroffe, 1953).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecology of Lepidoptera associated with bird nests in mid‐Wales, UK

Boyes¹,

Lewis

2018

Ecological Entomology

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1. Bird nests are ubiquitous but patchy resources in many terrestrial habitats. Nests can support diverse communities of commensal invertebrates, especially moths (Lepidoptera).However, there is a shortage of information on the moths associated with bird nests, and the factors influencing their abundance, diversity and composition.2. 224 nests, from 16 bird species, were sampled from sites in mid-Wales (UK) and the moths that emerged from them were recorded.3. 78% of nests produced moths, with 4,657 individuals of ten species recorded. Moth communities were dominated by generalist species rather than bird nest specialists.4. Open nests built in undergrowth supported significantly fewer moths than nests in enclosed spaces (for example, nesting boxes). The occurrence of fleas was positively associated with the incidence and abundance of moths. There was no evidence that different nest types supported different moth communities.

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Section: Factors Affecting the Overall Occurrence And Abundance Of Mothsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Lepidoptera associated with bird nests in mid‐Wales, UK

Boyes¹,

Lewis

2018

Ecological Entomology

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“…Most of the research on the social organization of badgers has been performed on such populations. In these areas, badgers live in territories occupied by between two and 32 adults of both sex (Woodroffe & Macdonald 1993). These groups are formed by the retention of young individuals in their natal territory (Kruuk & Parish 1982; Cheeseman et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial organization, group living and ecological correlates in low‐density populations of Eurasian badgers, Meles meles

Revilla

Palomares

2002

Journal of Animal Ecology

137

131

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Summary1. Territoriality and group living are described in a low-density population of Eurasian badgers, Meles meles L., by studying the patterns of spatial grouping and territory marking, as well as the differences between individuals in some of their characteristics (body condition and dispersal) and in their space use (seasonally, periods of activity and interaction between pairs of individuals) under strong seasonal fluctuations in the availability of the key resource (young rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus L.). Finally, the role of the spatial distribution of the main prey (young rabbits) in the development of sociality was also studied in order to test some of the assumptions and predictions of the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH). 2. Badgers were territorial, showing a flexible system of territory marking, which includes the marking of the most used areas (sett-latrines at the centres of activity) and additionally, at the smaller territories, a system of border-latrines in the areas of contact between territories. The maximum use of border-latrines was associated with the reproductive season, and that of sett-latrines with the season of food scarcity. 3. In the study area where badgers had rabbits as main prey, territories were occupied by small groups of animals, formed by one adult female who reproduced, one adult male who also showed signs of reproductive activity, the cubs of the year (if there was reproduction) and some animals born during previous years, which remained in their natal territory until their dispersal (normally during the mating season of their third or fourth year of life). This system was not strictly fixed as males, given the opportunity, expanded their territories to encompass additional females. Territories in another study site were occupied by one adult female (marked), plus the cubs of the year and another adult individual (unmarked). 4. In winter and spring dominant females and subordinates used only a small fraction of their territories, moved short distances, at a low speed and covering small areas per night. These seasons corresponded with the reproduction of rabbits (highest food availability). Dominant females were the only individuals using all the territory available in the summer (lowest food availability), when badgers had the worst body condition. Food availability increased again in autumn, as did body condition, while range sizes were again reduced. Dominant males used the same proportion of their territories over all seasons. However, in winter (reproductive season) they moved faster, over longer distances, and covered larger areas per period of activity. These results indicate that use of space by dominant males was affected by different factors from that of dominant females and subordinates. 5. RDH does not seem to explain group living in our populations because: (a) territoriality in each pair of primary animals was driven by different factors (trophic resources for females and females for males); (b) dominant males acted as expansionists; and (c) territory s...

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“…The major pest species, the carpet beetle, Anthrenus verbasci , mainly exists in birds’ nests . Damage is created by the larval stage, which develops over 1–2 years depending upon environmental conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The major pest species, the carpet beetle, Anthrenus verbasci, mainly exists in birds' nests. 5 Damage is created by the larval stage, which develops over 1−2 years depending upon environmental conditions. 6 The larvae are far more difficult to kill as they often remain hidden within food sources; however, the adults could be controlled by residual insecticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano TiO₂as a New Tool for Mothproofing of Wool: Protection of Wool againstAnthrenus verbasci

Nazari¹,

Montazer

Dehghani-Zahedani³

2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Wool protection against moths is an important concept in wool finishing that can obtained through application of various chemicals with different mechanisms of actions. In this paper, a novel mothproofing method is introduced through treatment of wool fabric with nano titanium dioxide (NTO) and citric acid (CA). Citric acid (CA) helps to enhance the washing durability, antifelting, and antibacterial properties of the NTO treated wool. Mothproofing was assessed through the study of damages on the wool surface by the larvae of the carpet beetle, Anthrenus verbasci, feeding on protein fibers. The damage intensity of wool fabric and TiO2 nanoparticles on the fabric surface were confirmed with scanning electron microscopy images and energy-dispersive spectrometry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of NTO treated fabrics indicated the crystal structure of NTO on the wool surface. Overall, the wool fabrics treated with CA and NTO indicated the highest protection against moths compared with raw and bleached wool fabrics.

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Birds' nests as a sòurce of domestic pests.

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Ecology of Lepidoptera associated with bird nests in mid‐Wales, UK

Ecology of Lepidoptera associated with bird nests in mid‐Wales, UK

Spatial organization, group living and ecological correlates in low‐density populations of Eurasian badgers, Meles meles

Nano TiO₂as a New Tool for Mothproofing of Wool: Protection of Wool againstAnthrenus verbasci

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Birds' nests as a sòurce of domestic pests.

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Ecology of Lepidoptera associated with bird nests in mid‐Wales, UK

Ecology of Lepidoptera associated with bird nests in mid‐Wales, UK

Spatial organization, group living and ecological correlates in low‐density populations of Eurasian badgers, Meles meles

Nano TiO2as a New Tool for Mothproofing of Wool: Protection of Wool againstAnthrenus verbasci

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nano TiO₂as a New Tool for Mothproofing of Wool: Protection of Wool againstAnthrenus verbasci