“…We exhaustively reviewed 20 journals available to us in the biology library at McGill and covering five areas of the world: India (Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 1948-1998), New Zealand (Notornis, 1974-1998, Australia (Emu, 1940-1998Corella, 1977Corella, -1981Sunbird, 1970Sunbird, -1982Australian Birdwatcher, 1975-1982, North America (Auk, Condor, Wilson Bulletin, all 1970-1998Journal of Field Ornithology, 1983-1998Ontario Birds, 1993-1998 and westem Europe (Alauda, Bird Study, British Birds, Scottish Birds, Nos Oiseaux, Ornis Fennica, Ornis Scandinavica/Journal of Avian Biology, all 1970Biology, all -1998Aves, 1970Aves, -1981). An innovation was defined as a food type or foraging technique stated to be 'noteworthy', 'unusual', 'unknown', 'rare', 'opportunistic', 'interesting', 'adaptable', 'strange', 'not noted before', 'not recorded', 'not mentioned' [see Lefebvre et al, 1997Lefebvre et al, , 1998 for examples and a detailed description of the procedure].…”