Bisdemethoxycurcumin Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and Suppresses Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice

Abstract

Obesity is caused by excessive accumulation of body fat and is closely related to complex metabolic diseases. Adipogenesis is a key process that is required in adipocyte hypertrophy in the development of obesity. Curcumin (Cur) has been reported to inhibit adipocyte differentiation, but the inhibitory effects of other curcuminoids present in turmeric, such as demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on adipogenesis have not been investigated. Here, we investigated the effects of curcuminoids on adipogenesis and the molecular mechanisms of adipocyte differentiation. Among three curcuminoids, BDMC was the most effective suppressor of lipid accumulation in adipocytes. BDMC suppressed adipogenesis in the early stage primarily through attenuation of mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). In BDMC-treated preadipocytes, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase was found after initiation of adipogenesis and was accompanied by downregulation of cyclin A, cyclin B, p21, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. The protein levels of the adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP)α were also reduced by BDMC treatment. Furthermore, 0.5% dietary BDMC (w/w) significantly lowered body weight gain and adipose tissue mass in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The results of H&E staining showed that dietary BDMC reduced hypertrophy in adipocytes. These results demonstrate for the first time that BDMC suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and prevented HFD-induced obesity. Our results suggest that BDMC has the potential to prevent obesity.

Curcuminoids combined with gefitinib mediated apoptosis and autophagy of human oral cancer SAS cells in vitro and reduced tumor of SAS cell xenograft mice in vivo

“…Our previous study also showed that DMC induced the apoptosis of human lung cancer NCI‐H460 cells through the mitochondrial‐dependent pathway . BDMC inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes and it had the potential to prevent obesity and induced cell apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma cells, activated hepatic stellate cells, and lung cancer NCI‐H460 cells . In human fibrosarcoma cells, DMC or BDMC had higher anti‐metastasis potency than that of CUR via the differentially downregulation of ECM degradation enzymes …”

Antidiabetic Properties of Curcumin I: Evidence from In Vitro Studies

“…In addition to curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) curcuminoids are polyphenols present in turmeric. In a study by Lai et al (2016), treatment of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with BDMC (25 µM) for 30 min resulted in significant repression of lipid accumulation and suppressed adipogenesis by reduced MCE and adipocyte differentiation genes (C/EBPα and PPARγ) protein levels (Table 1) [64]. In addition, BDMC treatment induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and reduced cyclin A, cyclin B, p21 and phosphorylation/activation of MAPKs (phospho-ERK, phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK) levels were reduced [64].…”

Demethoxycurcumin in combination with ultraviolet radiation B induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and caspase activation in A431 and HaCaT cells

“…16 The stability of DMC is higher than that of curcumin, which prevents lipid peroxidation. 17 In recent years, many studies have shown that DMC and curcumin can modulate multiple cell signaling pathways, including apoptosis. [18][19][20] Based on these studies and its structure and function, we hypothesized that DMC may likewise act as a photosensitizer.…”