2000
DOI: 10.1021/ac000108x
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Bismuth-Coated Carbon Electrodes for Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

Abstract: Bismuth-coated carbon electrodes display an attractive stripping voltammetric performance which compares favorably with that of common mercury-film electrodes. These bismuth-film electrodes are prepared by adding 400 microg/L (ppb) bismuth(III) directly to the sample solution and simultanously depositing the bismuth and target metals on the glassy-carbon or carbon-fiber substrate. Stripping voltammetric measurements of microgram per liter levels of cadmium, lead, thallium, and zinc in nondeaerated solutions yi… Show more

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Cited by 993 publications
(705 citation statements)
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“…However, a problem preventing the wide application of electrochemical sensors for monitoring of metal ions is the use and disposal of toxic mercury conventionally used as the metal preconcentrator. To avoid the use of toxic mercury in the detection of Cd and Pb, researchers have focused on silver electrode [1], gold electrode [2], glassy-carbon disk [3], silver-coated [4] and bismuth-coated [5] carbon electrodes. Other class of mercury-free electrodes relies on chemical modifications for metal preconcentrations.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, a problem preventing the wide application of electrochemical sensors for monitoring of metal ions is the use and disposal of toxic mercury conventionally used as the metal preconcentrator. To avoid the use of toxic mercury in the detection of Cd and Pb, researchers have focused on silver electrode [1], gold electrode [2], glassy-carbon disk [3], silver-coated [4] and bismuth-coated [5] carbon electrodes. Other class of mercury-free electrodes relies on chemical modifications for metal preconcentrations.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, their performances for the trace metal analysis are rather unfavorable compared to the mercury counterpart. Recently, a significant step forward has been done by the introduction and development of bismuth 5 and antimony-based electrodes. 6−8 Bismuth film electrodes (BiFEs) consist of an electrochemically generated thin bismuth film, deposited predominantly on carbon-based substrates, such as glassy carbon, 9 carbon fiber, 10 or screen-printed carbon.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 Apesar disso, devido à alta toxicidade do mercúrio, diversas alternativas têm sido propostas a fim de substituir estes eletrodos por outros de menor toxicidade. [1][2][3] Desta maneira, vários materiais eletródicos como cobre, ouro, irídio, rutênio, bismuto, antimônio, pasta e compósitos à base de carbono, entre outros, vêm sendo investigados para serem aplicados como eletrodos sólidos em substituição aos eletrodos de mercúrio. 2 A principal característica desejável para estes materiais é que apresentem um desempenho melhor ou semelhante ao eletrodo de mercúrio, principalmente quanto a sua robustez e intervalo de potencial negativo de trabalho.…”
Section: Os Eletrodos De Mercúrio (Dme -Dropping Mercury Electrode Hunclassified
“…[1][2][3] Desta maneira, vários materiais eletródicos como cobre, ouro, irídio, rutênio, bismuto, antimônio, pasta e compósitos à base de carbono, entre outros, vêm sendo investigados para serem aplicados como eletrodos sólidos em substituição aos eletrodos de mercúrio. 2 A principal característica desejável para estes materiais é que apresentem um desempenho melhor ou semelhante ao eletrodo de mercúrio, principalmente quanto a sua robustez e intervalo de potencial negativo de trabalho. 2,4 Nesse sentido, o uso do eletrodo de filme de bismuto (BiFE -Bismuth Film Electrode) surgiu como uma alternativa viável desde o seu emprego pioneiro em 2000.…”
Section: Os Eletrodos De Mercúrio (Dme -Dropping Mercury Electrode Hunclassified
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