Bisphenol A exposure reduces the estradiol response to gonadotropin stimulation during in vitro fertilization

Abstract

Objective Investigate associations between serum BPA concentrations and follicular response to exogenous ovary stimulation. Design Fasting serum was prospectively collected on the day of oocyte retrieval and assessed for unconjugated BPA using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with Coularray detection. Multivariable linear regression and negative binomial regression were used to assess associations between concentrations of BPA and outcome measures. Models were adjusted for race/ethnicity, antral follicle count at baseline, and cigarette smoking. Setting A reproductive health center. Patients Forty-four women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Main outcome measures Peak-estradiol level (E2) and the number of oocytes retrieved during IVF. Results The median unconjugated serum BPA concentration is 2.53 ng/ml (range 0.3–67.36 ng/ml). Bisphenol A is inversely associated with E2 (β=−0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.32, 0.01), as well as with E2 normalized to the number of mature-sized follicles at the hCG trigger (β=−0.14; 95%CI −0.24, −0.03). No association is observed for BPA and the number of oocytes retrieved (adjusted risk ratio=0.95; 95%CI 0.82, 1.10). Conclusions Bisphenol A is associated with a reduced estradiol response during IVF. Although limited by the preliminary nature of this study, these results merit confirmation in a future comprehensive investigation.

Bisphenol A exposure and associations with obesity among adults: a critical review

“…Table 1 summarizes the studies and their findings. Thirteen studies were cross-sectional (62)(63)(64)67,68,(71)(72)(73)(75)(76)(77)(78) , two were case-control (65,70) and two were prospective cohort studies (66,74) , but all data analyses were crosssectional. One of the cohort studies did prospectively evaluate rate of weight change, but only evaluated the association between BMI and urinary BPA levels at baseline (74) .…”

“…For six of the articles, body composition (BMI, WC and/or weight) was the primary outcome of interest (62)(63)(64)67,71,74) . Seven studies included only women (65,67,69,73,74,77,78) , nine of the studies were in general adult populations (62)(63)(64)66,67,70,71,75,76) , one study included men and women ≥60 years (72) and another included only 70-year-old men and women (79) .…”

“…Three of the studies reported a limit of detection (LOD) or limit of quantification (LOQ) (77)(78)(79) , but only Bloom et al reported the number of participants below the LOD/LOQ (13·6 %) (77) . Mean or median urinary BPA levels in spot urine samples were difficult to compare across studies given that some studies reported means (62,63,67,69,70,75,76) , some reported medians (64,74) and some reported levels unadjusted for concentration (63,67,69,70,76) , while others reported creatinineadjusted concentrations (62,64,75) .…”

“…Twelve of the eighteen studies were rated as negative quality (65,(67)(68)(69)(71)(72)(73)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79) , six were neutral quality (62)(63)(64)66,70,74) and none were positive quality. The lack of positive quality studies was typically due to limitations and issues related to BPA exposure measurement (validity question 5), temporality problems (validity question 6) and/or lack of evaluation of confounding factors (validity question 7).…”

“…Fourteen articles were found to be eligible for inclusion (62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75) . Four additional articles were identified in reference lists (76)(77)(78)(79) , for a final total of eighteen included articles. Reasons for exclusion included: not the study population of interest, no data on association between BPA levels and BMI, duplicate data, animal or in vitro study, review article and other (e.g.…”