Bitter Taste Perception of the Human Tongue Mediated by Quinine and Caffeine Impregnated Taste Strips

Liu, David T.; Besser, Gerold; Oeller, Florian; Mueller, Christian A.; Renner, Bertold

doi:10.1177/0003489420906187

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Normally, individuals younger than 15 years old are prone to dengue infection [36]. Bitter mouth is associated with malaria as this symptom is considered as one of malaria symptoms [37,38]. However, interestingly eight medical doctors interviewed agree that this symptom also can be found in individuals who suffer from dengue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining important features for dengue diagnosis using feature selection methods

Bria,

Nani,

Siki

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objectives: This research aims to determine the important features including symptoms and risk factors for dengue diagnosis. Methods: The dataset for this study is in the form of medical records collected from two hospitals in East Nusa Tenggara Province including Kewapante and Soe hospitals. Feature selection methods including feature importance, recursive feature elimination, correlation matrix from Pearson correlation coefficient and KBest were leveraged to determine important features. Important features were also gathered from fifteen Indonesian medical doctors to confirm the results. To obtain the best significant features for dengue prediction, we used six machine learning techniques including logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors, eXtreme gradient boosting, random forests, Naive Bayes and support vector machines. Results. The random forest classifier yields the highest accuracy for the best combination of features with the accuracy of 0.93 (LR: 0.90 (0.04), KNN: 0.89 (0.04), XGBoost: 0.91 (0.03), RF: 0.93 (0.04), NB: 0.88 (0.09), SVM: 0.89 (0.04)) and precision of 0.90 (LR: 0.86 (0.22), KNN: 0.67 (0.14), XGBoost: 0.77 (0.13), RF: 0.90 (0.13), NB: 0.66 (0.20), SVM: 0.66 (0.18)). This study shows the significant features for dengue diagnosis including fever, fever duration, headache, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, shivering, malaise, loss of appetite, shortness of breath, rash, bleeding nose, bitter mouth, temperature and age. Conclusions. This beneficial information can help society in differentiating dengue from non-dengue diseases including malaria, typhoid fever, COVID-19 and other dengue-like symptoms diseases. This is pivotal to educate society to seek medical advice when dengue symptoms appear. Keywords: Dengue fever, Feature selection, Significant dengue features, Dengue prediction, Dengue diagnosis

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining important features for dengue diagnosis using feature selection methods

Bria,

Nani,

Siki

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…For example, crushing of modified‐release formulations leads to destroying of gradual release mechanism of the product and results in overdose, which may be fatal in medicines such as morphine. 11 Crushing of enteric coated formulations leads to destruction of the functional gastro‐resistant layer, which may result into decomposition of the drug by stomach acid (proton pumps inhibitors 12 and pancreatin 13 ), not reaching a proper place of action (sulphasalazine 14 ), irritation of the stomach (acetylsalicylic acid 15 ) or esophagus (alendronate 16 ), unacceptable taste (quinine 17 and pseudoephedrine 18 ), or stability issues due to light‐sensitivity (nifedipine 19 ). Inhalation of the powder generated by tablet crushing represents an occupational issue for personnel in long‐term care units, therefore any carcinogenic or teratogenic drugs, hormones, and corticosteroids should not be crushed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crushing tablets or sprinkling capsules: Implications for clinical strategy and study performance based on BE studies of rivaroxaban and deferasirox

Sus,

Bosak,

Hauser

2024

Clinical Translational Sci

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Administration of oral medicinal products as crushed tablets or open capsules is an important delivery option for patients suffering from dysphagia. To obtain full interchangeability of generics with the original products, demonstration of bioequivalence (BE) between both products administered as crushed tablets/open capsules was required for poorly soluble product by European Medicines Agency (EMA) at the time of development of our rivaroxaban and deferasirox generic products. We present the results of two BE studies with modified administration of these products, which compared relative bioavailability between generic and reference products. In the rivaroxaban study, the test product was administered as a capsule sprinkled on and mixed with applesauce, whereas the reference tablet was crushed and administered with applesauce under fed conditions. In the deferasirox study, both treatments were administered as crushed tablets under fasting conditions. Both studies applied a two‐way crossover design and were conducted after a single‐dose in healthy volunteers. The 90% confidence interval of the geometric mean ratio area under the analyte concentration versus time curve, from time zero to the time of the last measurable analyte concentration and maximum measured analyte concentration over the sampling period of the test to reference ratio were 103.36–110.37% and 97.98–108.45% for rivaroxaban, respectively, and 96.69–107.29% and 94.19–109.45% for deferasirox, respectively. Thus, the BE criteria (80.00–125.00%) were met in both studies which demonstrated that bioavailability was not affected when the test and reference products were administered in the form of crushed tablet/open capsule. These results support the argument of redundancy of crushed product studies for poorly soluble drugs, which is in line with the currently revised position of the EMA on this topic.

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“…Thus, there is a demand to develop fast, safe, effective, and cheap in vitro methods for bitterness evaluation. In recent decades, scientists have published a large number of new methods using instruments for in vitro bitterness detection, including taste strips [ 41 ], facial expression analysis [ 42 ], and bitter taste sensors [ 43 , 44 ]. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the development of novel taste sensors for bitterness detection, including commercial electronic devices based on modified electrodes to micro-type sensors functionalized with taste cells, polymeric membranes, and other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Bitterness-Sensing Systems

Langley

Zhang

2023

Biosensors

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Bitterness is one of the basic tastes, and sensing bitterness plays a significant role in mammals recognizing toxic substances. The bitter taste of food and oral medicines may decrease consumer compliance. As a result, many efforts have been made to mask or decrease the bitterness in food and oral pharmaceutical products. The detection of bitterness is critical to evaluate how successful the taste-masking technology is, and many novel taste-sensing systems have been developed on the basis of various interaction mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of bitterness response mechanisms and the development of novel sensors in detecting bitterness ranging from commercial electronic devices based on modified electrodes to micro-type sensors functionalized with taste cells, polymeric membranes, and other materials in the last two decades. The challenges and potential solutions to improve the taste sensor quality are also discussed.

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Bitter Taste Perception of the Human Tongue Mediated by Quinine and Caffeine Impregnated Taste Strips

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Determining important features for dengue diagnosis using feature selection methods

Determining important features for dengue diagnosis using feature selection methods

Crushing tablets or sprinkling capsules: Implications for clinical strategy and study performance based on BE studies of rivaroxaban and deferasirox

Recent Advances in Bitterness-Sensing Systems

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