Black Garlic and Its Therapeutic Benefits

Abstract

Black garlic is a functional food produced from fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.) via fermentation with the whole bulbs or peeled cloves in a chamber in which temperature (60-90°C) and humidity (70-90%) are regulated for a period of time. Black garlic possesses an abundant amount of antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives, and organosulfur compounds, including S-allyl-cysteine and S-allyl-mercaptocysteine, as compared with fresh garlic. Note that fermentation not only alters the nutrition components and sensory attributes but also enhances the bioactivity of black garlic. A growing body of evidences demonstrating therapeutic effects of black garlic, including anticancer, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects, have been reported in the last few decades. This book chapter provides a literature review of therapeutic effects of black garlic from fundamental to clinical studies that can be used by food and nutrition experts, researchers, and scientists to improve people's health and wellness.

An overview on natural product drug formulations from conventional medicines to nanomedicines: Past, present and future

“…Allium sativum L., fermented black garlic demonstrated several therapeutic effects such as lowering blood pressure, anti-obesity, hypolipidemic, anticancer, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory [49]. A liquid of 10% black garlic extract significantly prevented the reduction of glutathione reduced form and retrieved physical stability in addition to high anti-radical efficiencies.…”

Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Bawang Hitam (Allium sativum L.)

“…Ekstrak aquadest dari bawang hitam telah dibuktikan dapat mencegah produksi nitrit oksida (NO) dan sitokin pro-inflamasi, termasuk TNF-α dan PGE2, dan menekan kerja NO synthase dan TNF-α serta ekspresi COX-2 melalui mekanisme yang erat kaitannya dengan mitogen-activated protein kinase dan NF-κB pada makrofag murine yang distimulasi liposakarida (LPS) (Tran et al, 2019). Lebih lanjut, ekstrak suplemen bawang hitam menghambat produksi serum TNF-α, IL-6, dan IL-1β dan mencegah kematian mencit yang diinduksi LPS (Kim et al, 2014;Oh et al, 2012).…”

Antibacterial Potency of Black Garlic Extract from Allium sativum on Escherichia coli

“…In: Medicinal Plants -Use in Prevention and Treatment of Diseases by Tran G (2020) says that consumption of black garlic can be a supportive therapy for diseases because of its anticancer, antiobesity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. (22)…”