Black Women's Health

Waltermaurer, Eve; Watson, Carole-Ann; McNutt, Louise‐Anne

doi:10.1177/1077801206293545

Cited by 40 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A number of research demonstrated that racism plays an important role in health disparities. Black women who experienced racism were more likely to report the experience of IPV (Waltermaurer et al, 2006). Black people's experience of racial discrimination may increase psychological stress; consequently, psychological stress may result in substance use as a coping mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence, prenatal stress, and substance use among pregnant Black women

Zhang

Dailey

Price

et al. 2021

Public Health Nursing

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Objectives We examine the mediation effects of prenatal stress on the associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) experience and the most common forms of substance use (i.e., cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and marijuana use) among pregnant Black women. Design Cross‐sectional. Sample Black women (N = 203) from metropolitan Detroit, Michigan and Columbus, Ohio, were recruited between 8 and 29 weeks of gestation. Measurements Women were asked about IPV experience during 12 months prior to the start of the pregnancy, perceived stress during pregnancy, and substance use during pregnancy. Results Intimate partner violence prior to pregnancy was positively associated with cigarette smoking and marijuana use but not with alcohol use during pregnancy. IPV prior to pregnancy was also positively associated with higher levels of perceived stress during pregnancy after controlling for covariates. Path analysis indicated that IPV had an indirect effect on marijuana use through perceived stress (standardized indirect effect = 0.026, SE = 0.020, 95% CI = 0.005–0.064, p =.017). Conclusions Perceived stress during pregnancy partially mediated the association between previous experience of IPV and marijuana use among pregnant Black women. Interventions are needed to reduce IPV that would lower stress during pregnancy and consequently substance abuse to improve pregnancy outcomes and maternal and newborn health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence, prenatal stress, and substance use among pregnant Black women

Zhang

Dailey

Price

et al. 2021

Public Health Nursing

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“…African American women encounter many forms of violence, including childhood sexual abuse and adult victimization (West, 2002), and racism and discrimination may increase their susceptibility to such violence and types of harassment. Waltermaurer and colleagues (2006) found that perceived racial discrimination and being the victim of interpersonal violence were significantly correlated among African American women.…”

Section: Socio-contextual Factors and Stressors Affecting African Amementioning

confidence: 98%

Examining the associations of racism, sexism, and stressful life events on psychological distress among African-American women.

Stevens‐Watkins¹,

Perry²,

Pullen³

et al. 2014

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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African American women may be susceptible to stressful events and adverse health outcomes as a result of their distinct social location at the intersection of gender and race. Here, racism and sexism are examined concurrently using survey data from 204 African American women residing in a southeastern U.S. urban city. Associations between racism, sexism, and stressful events across social roles and contexts (i.e., social network loss, motherhood and childbirth, employment and finances, personal illness and injury, and victimization) are investigated. Then, the relationships among these stressors on psychological distress are compared, and a moderation model is explored. Findings suggest that racism and sexism are a significant source of stress in the lives of African American women, and are correlated both with one another and with other stressful events. Implications for future research and clinical considerations are discussed.

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“…IPV is a prevalent problem that has also been associated with discrimination [ 16 ], as well as poor mental (e.g., depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, anxiety, self-harm, and sleep disorders) and physical health (e.g., somatic disorders, chronic disorders and chronic pain, gynaecological problems, and an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections) [ 17 ]. Researchers have described experiences of discrimination as creating a hostile or stressful environment which in turn may be a precursor to interpersonal violence [ 18 ]. These circumstances may then function to negatively impact health directly or indirectly by creating barriers to other social determinants of health, such as employment and education.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived discrimination and self-rated health in Canada: an exploratory study

Mont

Forte

2016

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundOur objective was to explore whether the link between discrimination and self-rated health status differed as a function of discrimination type, including discrimination based on ethnicity/culture, race, physical appearance (other than skin colour), religion, age, and disability.MethodsA sample of 19,422 men and women aged 15 and older was included in this study. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to measure the association between perceived discrimination types and self-reported health status defined as excellent/good versus fair/poor.ResultsThe prevalence of experiencing any discrimination in the past five years was higher among those who rated their health as fair or poor (21.8 %) compared to those who rated their health as excellent or good (14.5 %, p < 0.0001). After controlling for all other covariates, there was a positive association between poorer self-rated health and two of the six specific discrimination variables entered into the model: perceived discrimination based on physical appearance (other than skin colour) (OR = 1.79, 95 % CI: 1.24, 2.58) and perceived discrimination based on a having a disability (OR = 1.59, 95 % CI: 1.04, 2.41).ConclusionsOur main findings indicate that perceived discrimination based on physical appearance and disability may have an adverse impact on health. The results highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to improving health outcomes that should include policies that are targeted against specific types of discrimination.

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Black Women's Health

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Intimate partner violence, prenatal stress, and substance use among pregnant Black women

Intimate partner violence, prenatal stress, and substance use among pregnant Black women

Examining the associations of racism, sexism, and stressful life events on psychological distress among African-American women.

Perceived discrimination and self-rated health in Canada: an exploratory study

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