Bladder Cancer Mortality of Workers Exposed to Aromatic Amines: A 58-Year Follow-up

Abstract

We previously investigated bladder cancer risk in a cohort of dyestuff workers who were heavily exposed to aromatic amines from 1922 through 1972. We updated the follow-up by 14 years (through 2003) for 590 exposed workers to include more than 30 years of follow-up since last exposure to aromatic amines. Expected numbers of deaths from bladder cancer and other causes were computed by use of national mortality rates from 1951 to 1980 and regional mortality rates subsequently. There were 394 deaths, compared with 262.7 expected (standardized mortality ratio = 1.50, 95% confidence interval = 1.36 to 1.66). Overall, 56 deaths from bladder cancer were observed, compared with 3.4 expected (standardized mortality ratio = 16.5, 95% confidence interval = 12.4 to 21.4). The standardized mortality ratio for bladder cancer increased with younger age at first exposure and increasing duration of exposure. Although the standardized mortality ratio for bladder cancer steadily decreased with time since exposure stopped, the absolute risk remained approximately constant at 3.5 deaths per 1000 man-years up to 29 years after exposure stopped. Excess risk was apparent 30 years or more after last exposure.

Smoking, occupation, history of selected diseases and bladder cancer risk in Manisa, Turkey

“…Occupational exposure to aromatic amines has long been recognized a risk factor for bladder cancer (Negri et al, 1989;Kogevinas et al, 2003;Bosetti et al, 2005;Pira et al, 2010;Pira et al, 2012), accounting for up to 15% of cases in men from selected high-risk populations D'Avanzo et al, 1995). However, a selected number of occupations a priori deemed as being of high risk for bladder cancer showed only a moderate, nonsignificant excess risk, indicating that occupational exposures are not a major factor for bladder cancer in this, mainly rural, population.…”

Hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy for bladder cancer

“…Bladder cancer is much more common in males and is typically diagnosed at a median age of 70 years [1,2]. Environmental exposures, whether to occupational carcinogens or cigarette smoke, account for most cases of bladder cancer [3,4]. The spectrum of bladder cancer includes nonmuscle-invasive (superficial), muscle-invasive, and metastatic disease.…”

Validation of RiskCheck Bladder Cancer ©, Version 5.0 for Risk-Adapted Screening of Bladder Cancer

“…Medical research during the last decades has identified the risk factors inducing bladder cancer: age [11], gender [12], family history of BC [13], smoking [14,15,16], occupational risk [17,18,19,20,21,22] and medical risk [23,24]. …”