Blast Transformation and Migration-Inhibition in Toxoplasmosis and Leishmaniasis *,†

Tremonti, Lawrence P.; Walton, Bryce C.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1970.19.49

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Lymphocyte proliferation to T. gondii antigens has been shown to be a specific indicator of prior T. gondii infection in adults [233,234,567,568]. This technique has been found useful in establishing the diagnosis of congenital T. gondii infection in some infants [480,569,570].…”

Section: Tests Of Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis

Remington¹,

McLeod²,

Wilson³

et al. 2011

Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn

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Section: Tests Of Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis

Remington¹,

McLeod²,

Wilson³

et al. 2011

Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn

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“…Both tests have their known limitations. The LST measures delayed‐type hypersensitivity and correlates well with the in vitro proliferation of mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of leishmanial extracts (Tremonti & Walton 1970). LST becomes positive as Leishmania reactive T cells develop and circulate in the blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection rates with Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a village in eastern Sudan

El-Safi

Hamid

Omer

et al. 2004

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summarybackground Leishmania-tuberculosis co-infection is not uncommon in clinical practice in East Africa, but little is known about the epidemiology of this problem at population level. A cross-sectional household survey was carried out in an active visceral leishmaniasis (VL) focus in Eastern Sudan in February 2002.methods All inhabitants of Marbata village in Atbara River Area, Gedarif State, who gave informed consent, underwent both a leishmanin skin test (LST) and a tuberculin test for infection with L. donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All subjects were clinically screened for VL and tuberculosis (TB).results About 66% (252 of 382) were LST-positive, 26% (100 of 382) were tuberculin-positive and 20% (77 of 382) were positive for both tests. By the age of 15, more than 60% of inhabitants were LSTpositive, but <20% were tuberculin-positive. By the age of 30, these percentages increased to 100 and 50%. No association was found at the individual level between leishmanial and tuberculous infection after controlling for age.conclusion In this community study, we found no association between the risk of infection with L. donovani and M. tuberculosis. However, the progression to active VL disease might be different in M. tuberculosis-infected than in non-infected persons and vice versa. Prospective studies are needed to document the prognosis of TB/VL co-infection.keywords visceral leishmaniasis, epidemiology, leishmanin skin test, tuberculin, survey, Sudan

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“…This has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro by delayed hypersensitivity [5] and toxoplasma antigen-induced lymphocyte transformation [1,33]. The activation of macrophages for intracellular killing is thought to play a central role in the host defence [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological response in experimentally reactivated toxoplasmosis in mice

Goyal

Mahajan

1989

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were studied in reactivated toxoplasma infection in mice. The infection was established by immunosuppressing chronically infected animals by thymectomy followed by irradiation. The reactivated infection was confirmed by reappearance of toxoplasma tachyzoites in peritoneal exudate. The animals survived until the 8th day post thymectomy. The percentage of splenic T lymphocytes was depressed after 4th day post thymectomy in both the uninfected thymectomized and infected immunosuppressed animals as compared to the intact uninfected controls and intact chronically infected animals. However, there was no significant change (P greater than 0.05) between the uninfected immunosuppressed control and infected immunosuppressed mice. When the infection progressed to more acute phase there was significant depression (P less than 0.01) in the percentage of T lymphocytes in comparison to the uninfected thymectomized mice. However, there was no change in the percentage of B lymphocytes (P greater than 0.05). The function of lymphocytes as assessed by blast transformation was depressed in the presence of nonspecific mitogens, i.e. phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A until the end of the study. The response to toxoplasma antigen was increased during early stages in the infected immunosuppressed mice (stimulation index = 4.15 +/- 0.1 and 4.5 +/- 0.15 on 4th and 6th day post thymectomy). On the 8th day post thymectomy, there was a sudden fall in the stimulation index (3.5 +/- 0.11). The antitoxoplasma antibodies as detected by indirect hemagglutinin and fluorescence analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests and toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies as detected by ELISA test were present throughout the study period though at low levels. The significance of these findings is discussed.

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Blast Transformation and Migration-Inhibition in Toxoplasmosis and Leishmaniasis *,†

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Infection rates with Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a village in eastern Sudan

Immunological response in experimentally reactivated toxoplasmosis in mice

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