Blends and Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Polyurethane Polymers With Natural and Synthetic Rubbers

Minnath, Mehar A.; Purushothaman, E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804039-3.00002-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…x = value of a single observation; n = number of observations; and x = arithmetic mean of the set of observations. Material testing included optical microscopy, compression, density, hardness, and material characteristics testing using the FTIR method [45,[51][52][53][54]. The compression speed was set at 2.5 mm/minute until the yield point was reached or the specimen had been compressed to 13% of the initial thickness before compression.…”

Section: Reaction Stages Materials Formulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Excellent Hybrid Polyurethane-Graphite Filler Micro Powder as a Lightweight Structure

Nugroho,

Alandro,

Herianto

et al. 2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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Weight plays a significant role in the automotive and aerospace fields due to the demand of lightweight material structures. A lighter body in weight (BIW) and in structure can reduce fuel consumption, lessen emissions, and support the SDGs 9, 11, 12, and 13. Therefore, polyurethane (PU) foam is suitable for applications that require low weight. The characteristics of hybrid polyurethane-graphite micro were successfully evaluated in this study. Several tests have been used to characterize these structures, such as, compression, hardness, density, surface evaluation, and FTIR analysis. The results showed that the expansion and shrinkage variations lead to different shapes at specific ratios. Compression tests show that the highest value occurred at 0.84 kN, with a 4:1 ratio found in pure PU foam without any reinforcement. PU foam with 2% graphite filler showed the highest results at the 4:1 ratio with a value of 0.45 kN. Furthermore, the highest hardness test result was 37.7 SHD. Density testing indicates that the highest value is obtained from specimens with a 4:1 ratio of 0.077 g/cm3. FTIR testing reveals that adding graphite as a filler alters the chemical bonds during the formation of solid PU foam. Surface observations show that adding graphite as a filler influences the variation in material structure formation. All the evaluation has tended to conclude the present combination as suitable for lightweight structures applications.

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Section: Reaction Stages Materials Formulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Excellent Hybrid Polyurethane-Graphite Filler Micro Powder as a Lightweight Structure

Nugroho,

Alandro,

Herianto

et al. 2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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“…Las primeras espumas de poliuretano se introdujeron en el mercado en 1950, su desarrollo fue tan amplio que actualmente se pueden clasificar como flexibles, semirrígidas y rígidas (Defonseka, 2013). Los poliuretanos forman parte de los materiales poliméricos, debido a su versatilidad para comportarse como termoplásticos, elastómeros o termoendurecibles, volviéndose adecuados para aplicaciones de adhesivos, selladores, revestimientos o fibras (Minnath, Mehar A., Purushothaman, 2017). Además de que este comportamiento le permite modificar su microestructura para mejorar propiedades mecánicas como rigidez, flexibilidad o elasticidad y propiedades amortiguadoras, como resistencia al impacto o abrasión (Somarathna, Raman, Mohotti, Mutalib y Badri, 2018).…”

Section: Poliuretanounclassified

Energía y medio ambiente en edificaciones. Casos de estudios en el norte de México

Cruz¹,

Almada²,

Torre³

et al. 2022

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En este libro se abordan distintas problemáticas que ofrecen un acercamiento al conocimiento de los temas edificación-energía, tratados con una perspectiva muy práctica y particular del análisis de las problemáticas y de las posibles propuestas de solución a cada uno de los planteamientos. Los proyectos arquitectónicos abordados desde la aplicación de la tecnología han marcado una diferencia en las últimas décadas al tener herramientas más tecnológicas para su análisis, que suelen ser más exactas y optimizan tiempos de ejecución; como es el caso del que nos habla el capítulo desarrollado por Ochoa de la Torre, Galindo Borbón y Marincic Lovriha, referente a una metodología para el diseño lumínico de un edificio educativo y a los resultados de su evaluación utilizando un programa de cómputo complementada con mediciones de iluminación en un modelo a escala, montado sobre un heliodón, que simula el recorrido del sol en los días de diseño seleccionados, con el objetivo de demostrar cuál es el método más fiable para una óptima iluminación natural.

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“…An IPN is a polymer comprising two or more networks, which are at least partially interlaced at a molecular level, but which are not covalently bonded to each other. The network components cannot be separated unless the chemical bonds are broken [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Based on Cellulose, Applied to Remove Colorant Traces from the Water Medium: Electrostatic Interactions Analysis

et al. 2022

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The main objective of this work was the removal of eosin Y and green malachite from an aqueous medium by using a cellulose-based biodegradable interpenetrated network (IPN). The IPN was obtained by the sequenced synthesis method. In the first step, cellulose was crosslinked with epichlorohydrin (ECH). In the second step, the obtained gels were swollen in a reactive mixture solution, which was based on the monomers 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 1,6- hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA). After this, swelling equilibrium was reached through the gels’ exposition to UV radiation. An infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the bond stretching, which confirmed the IPN’s formation. The swelling kinetics in aqueous mediums with different pH values showed a high swelling at a basic pH value and a low response in neutral and acidic media. The IPNs showed an improvement in water uptake, compared to the networks based on PHEMA or cellulose. The IPN was used to remove dyes from the water. The results showed that a high percentage of green malachite was removed by the IPN in six minutes of contact time. The experimental results were confirmed by the docking/modeling method of the system (IPN/Dye). The different physical interactions between the IPN and the dyes’ molecules were investigated. The interactions of the hydrogen bonds with malachite green were stronger than those with eosin Y, which was in good agreement with the experimental results.

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Blends and Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Polyurethane Polymers With Natural and Synthetic Rubbers

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Excellent Hybrid Polyurethane-Graphite Filler Micro Powder as a Lightweight Structure

Excellent Hybrid Polyurethane-Graphite Filler Micro Powder as a Lightweight Structure

Energía y medio ambiente en edificaciones. Casos de estudios en el norte de México

An Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Based on Cellulose, Applied to Remove Colorant Traces from the Water Medium: Electrostatic Interactions Analysis

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