Blinded by the light? Circadian partitioning of migratory flights in a nightjar species

Korpach, Alicia M.; Mills, Alex M.; Heidenreich, Claire; Davy, Christina M.; Fraser, Kevin C.

doi:10.1007/s10336-019-01668-5

Cited by 9 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Tag ID 48042: Gulf of Mexico crossing of 871 km versus around the Gulf route of 937 km). In some species, constraints of day-night light regimes for migration may preclude barrier crossing, as recently demonstrated in a nocturnally migrating nightjar that took the longer-route around the Gulf of Mexico, rather than crossing, which would have saved time and energy but required some daytime ight [7]. Our results show, at least for purple martins, that nocturnal ight does not pose a restriction to large barrier crossing, as it may do for nightjars.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Tags were programmed to detect and save locations two or three times a day: 0600-and 1800-hours Central Daylight Time (CDT) (n = 8, Manitoba (MB) and Texas (TX) colonies); 0400-and 1600-hours Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) (n = 2, Pennsylvania (PA) and Florida (FL)); 0400, 1000 and 1600 hours (CDT) (n = 1,TX); 0000, 0600 and 1800 hours (CDT) (n = 1,TX). Detections at 0000 hours and at 1800 both re ected a portion of nocturnal ight [7], and therefore were combined to create a 12hour night ight interval to make data comparable to those from other tags. Similarly, detections at 1000 hours were combined with detections at 0400 to make a 12-hour day ight interval for better comparison with other tags.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Nocturnal Flights for Barrier Crossing in a Diurnally Migrating Songbird: Implications for Our Understanding of Fly-and-Forage Migration Strategies

Lavallée¹,

Assadi²,

Korpach³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The migration patterns of land birds can generally be divided into those species that migrate principally during the day and those that migrate during the night. Some species may show individual plasticity in the use of day or night flight, particularly when crossing large, open-water or desert barriers. However, individual plasticity in circadian patterns of migratory flights in diurnal songbirds that use a fly-and-forage migration strategy has never been investigated. Methods: We used high precision GPS tracking of a diurnal, migratory swallow Purple martin, (Progne subis), to determine whether individuals were flexible in their spring migration strategies to include some night flight, particularly at barrier crossing.Results: We found that individuals made large (sometimes >1000 km), open-water crossings of the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico that included the use of night flight. Some birds-initiated barrier crossing flights at night, demonstrating that night flight is not only used to complete barrier crossings but may confer other advantages for diurnal birds. All birds also used some, shorter night flights when making overland flights not associated with barrier crossing. Birds were more likely to initiate water crossings with supportive northward winds, and preliminary data suggest that moonlight may influence nighttime migratory movements.Conclusions: Overall, our results demonstrate an unexpected high degree of individual plasticity in migration strategies on a circadian scale in a ‘diurnal’ songbird and suggest that barrier crossing at night may complement fly-and-forage migration strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Nocturnal Flights for Barrier Crossing in a Diurnally Migrating Songbird: Implications for Our Understanding of Fly-and-Forage Migration Strategies

Lavallée¹,

Assadi²,

Korpach³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…This is critical data for IPMs, as data must be collected on linked breeding and nonbreeding populations, in order to generate relevant estimates of seasonal vital rates. This study and others (e.g., English et al, ; Korpach et al, ) have demonstrated the utility of archival tags for whip‐poor‐wills. The use of archival GPS in particular will maximize the precision of location data and allow more broadscale studies of space use outside the breeding season to inform demographic models.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…An important next step is to quantify migratory connectivity (the degree to which populations remain discrete between breeding and nonbreeding seasons; Webster et al, 2002) for this species. Based on our results, the population spread in winter appears to be high (Finch, Butler, Franco, & Cresswell, 2017), suggesting low connectivity; however, tracking data from more sites are required for a quantitative estimate of migratory connectivity (Cohen et al, 2018; but see English et al, 2017;Korpach et al, 2019). This is critical data for IPMs, as data must be collected on linked breeding and nonbreeding populations, in order to generate relevant estimates of seasonal vital rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Yet, to date no published studies have used long-distance tracking or field studies in the majority of the wintering range (i.e., outside the southeastern United States; Cink et al, 2017) to address these deficiencies. English et al (2017) deployed light-level geolocators to describe the nonbreeding distribution of whip-poor-wills from breeding sites in Canada and Korpach, Mills, Heidenreich, Davy, and Fraser (2019) used archival GPS to describe migratory routes and nonbreeding locations. However, these studies were not able to describe stationary nonbreeding space/habitat use in detail.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remote estimation of overwintering home ranges in an elusive, migratory nocturnal bird

Tonra

Wright

Matthews

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Due to a long running research bias toward the breeding season, there are major gaps in knowledge on the basic nonbreeding ecology of many species, preventing a full‐annual cycle focus in ecology and conservation. Exacerbating this problem is the fact that many species are extremely difficult to detect outside of breeding. Here, we demonstrate a partial solution to this problem by using archival GPS tags to examine the overwintering ecology of a migratory nocturnal bird, the eastern whip‐poor‐will (Antrostomus vociferous). We deployed tags on 21 individuals and were able to recover 11 (52%) one year later. Tags collected high precision (approx. 10 m) points throughout the nonbreeding period. With continuous time movement models, we used these data to estimate overwintering home ranges. All individuals exhibited at least one bounded home range during this phase of the annual cycle, three of eleven had two wintering locations, and home range area ranged from 0.50 to 10.85 ha. All overwintering home ranges contained closed‐canopy forest land cover (42%–100%), and no other land cover type represented >40% of any home range. We found some evidence, with caveats, that total edge within the landscape surrounding the home range was negatively related to home range area. The prevalence of contiguous closed‐canopy forest cover in overwintering home ranges contrasts with apparent breeding habitat preferences, which includes clear‐cuts and other, more open, habitats. This study is the first to reveal key aspects of overwintering space use in this species by using archival GPS to overcome both logistical and methodological limitations. Expanded use of such technology is critical to gathering basic ecological and distributional data, necessary for achieving a more complete understanding of full‐annual cycles of animal populations.

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Ritchison

2023

Fascinating Life Sciences

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Blinded by the light? Circadian partitioning of migratory flights in a nightjar species

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

The Use of Nocturnal Flights for Barrier Crossing in a Diurnally Migrating Songbird: Implications for Our Understanding of Fly-and-Forage Migration Strategies

The Use of Nocturnal Flights for Barrier Crossing in a Diurnally Migrating Songbird: Implications for Our Understanding of Fly-and-Forage Migration Strategies

Remote estimation of overwintering home ranges in an elusive, migratory nocturnal bird

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